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immune system Natalie Yracheta P5 - Coggle Diagram
immune system Natalie Yracheta P5
Major functions of the Lymphatic & Immune systems
lymphatic
returns interstitial fluid back to blood
immune
fights off foreign invaders through 2 systems
Location of Lymphatic organs and their functions
spleen
below the stomach
cleanses blood of old RBCs and platelets
MALT
protects from pathogens trying to enter the body
tonsils
gather and remove pathogens in food/air
peyer's patches & appendix
destroy bacteria & create memory cells
thymus
where T cells mature
starts in back of neck and extends to partially cover heart
red bone marrow
where T and B cells originate
where B cells mature
Purpose and examples of First, Second and Third line of defense
First
physical barrier to most foreign invaders
Second
stops spreads of invader
getting a fever while having a cold
Third
stops specific invader
Innate(natural) immune defenses and Adaptive(acquired) immune defenses
innate
has
first and second
defense
first
surface barriers
skin and mucous membranes
second
internal defense(cells and chemicals)
phagocytes
WBC that ingest and digest antigens
NK cells
kill by inducing apoptosis in cancer/virus infected cells
inflammatory response
triggered when body tissues are injured
prevents spread of damaging agents
disposes of cell debris and pathogens
1 more item...
adaptive
has
third
defense
eliminates specific foreign bodies
takes longer than innate
Humoral response and cellular response
humoral
when b cells encounter a target antigen humoral response starts
b cells are differentiated into
plasma cells
secrete antibodies
memory cells
provide immunological memory
ensures body knows how to fight off specific antigen if enters again
cellular
T cells defend against antigens
through CD4 cells
turns to helper T cells
and CD8 cells
turns to cytotoxic cells
Antigens and antibodies
antigens
anything body perceives as foreign and dangerous
antibodies
fight off antigens
Artificial vs. Naturally acquired immunity
naturally
formed from contact to actual infection
artificial
formed from vaccine
active
passive
naturally
delivered through other body
artificial
formed through injection
Passive vs. Active immunity
passive
occurs when ready-made antibodies are introduced into body
active
occurs when B cells encounter and produce specific antibodies against
Cells involved in the immune system and their functions
T Cells
manage immune response
B Cells
produce plasma cells that secrete antibodies
macrophages
phagocytize antigens
dendritic cells
capture antigens
cytotoxic
destroys cells holding foreign antigens
both can turn to memory cells
helper T cells
activates B cells, other T cells, macrophages
.
Disorders associated with the Immune system
meningitis
inflammation of fluid
bacteria, age, weakened immune system
pertosis
respiratory infection caused by bacteria
spreads by air, bacteria
toxoplasmosis
infection caused by single cell parasite
contact with cat feces, eating untreated food, from mother to baby