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英科五大天王S2 Q3 T1, Animals, 截屏2024-03-17 14.34.09, 截屏2024-03-17 14.34.09,…
英科五大天王S2 Q3 T1
carbon cycle
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combustion
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oxygen + fuel => carbon dioxide + water + product (heat, oxygen, and fuel MUST be involved!)
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carbon stores
definition: object that can store carbon, including organisms such as plants and animals and fossil fuels
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Electricity
Current
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Measured in Amps/Amperes using an ammeter, unit is A
Measured across: place the ammeter behind the current of the component that you want to measure, measured in a series circuit
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Voltage
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Measured in volts using a voltmeter, unit is V
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Resistance
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Magical Triangle of V(official)/U(unofficial), I, R: Voltage (V/U) = Current(I) * Resistance (R)
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Magnetism
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a magnet has 2 poles
same poles (such as N&N or S&S) repels, or pushes away from each other
different poles (such as N&S) attracts, which comes together
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Electromagnet
diagram
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Composed of: metal core of a magnetic metal, coil made of insulated wire that surrounds the core, battery
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How does it work?
An electric current introduced from the battery flows through the wire. The atoms in the core gets aligned in a single direction following the electric current, causing the core to be temporarily magnetized
Application: a device called relay is an electromagnet switch that is operated by a small electric current that can switch on and off a larger electric current by connecting and disconnecting different circuits
In a nutshell: a device that can produce a magnetic field through electricity (basically, it behaves like a magnet)
climate change
harms
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ice sheet melts and sea level rises poses a significant threat to coastal communities, low-lying islands
Rising temperatures, shifts in precipitation patterns, and habitat destruction can negatively impact species’ habitats, migration patterns, and reproductive cycles, leading to population declines and potential extinctions.
the rising temperature causes heat-related illnesses and deaths, as well as affecting agricultural productivity and water resources.
benefits
More lands will be able to farm due to rising temperature, crops and other plants grow better in the presence of higher carbon dioxide levels and seem to be more drought-tolerant
shipping commerce will benefit from the opening of the Northwest Passage for longer periods of the year due to the loss of Arctic sea ice.
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evolution
variation
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discontinuous
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such as blood type, tongue rolling
continuous
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such as range of height and weight, skin color
adaptations
changes that living organisms make to survive and adapt in a given condition in order to pass on their DNA. Or else, they'll become endangered and even extinct
natural selection
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examples:
dodo bird live in a friendly environment with no predators, so they didn't develop any survival traits! After human arrive, they quickly got hunted and became extinct
pigeons in London once have white feathers because it can blend in with the white building; After the industrialization, since the buildings turned black, the pigeons' feathers turned black to blend in the color of the building to not get spotted and eaten
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"Everything's about Nellie, she's my baby. She comes in everywhere: physics, chemistry, biology"
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fun fact: currently, there are no variation between human species, only variations within human species because there are only one type of human😎
