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Jimena Serrano period 2 Lymphatic/Immune System - Coggle Diagram
Jimena Serrano period 2 Lymphatic/Immune System
Major functions of the Lymphatic & Immune systems (include BOTH)
lymphatic system
maintenance of fluid balance
facilitation of the absorption of dietary fats from the gastrointestinal tract to the bloodstream for metabolism or storage
facilitation of the immune system
immune system
fight harmful substances and germs that enter the body
daptive (specific) immune system makes antibodies
specifically fight certain germs that the body has previously come into contact with
Location of Lymphatic organs and their functions
bone marrow
in the center of most bones
releases blood cells into the bloodstream when they are mature and when required
spleen
it fights invading germs in the blood
upper left region of your abdomen
thymus
production and maturation of immune cells
in the chest, between the lungs and behind the breastbone or sternum
lymph nodes
filter substances that travel through the lymphatic fluid
neck, axilla (underarm), chest, abdomen, and groin
lymphatic vessels filters
drains fluid that has leaked from the blood vessels into the tissues and empties it back into the bloodstream via the lymph nodes
around the body, including the throat, armpits, chest, abdomen and groin
Purpose and examples of First, Second and Third line of defense
first line
mechanical barriers (skin and mucous membranes)
second line
chemical barriers, natural killer cells, fever
third line
cellular immune response and humoral immune response
Innate(natural) immune defenses and Adaptive(acquired) immune defenses
adaptive
Third line of defense against pathogens
cellular immune response and humoral immune
response
Response by the body against specific pathogens
innate
the first line of defense against invading pathogens.
Humoral response and cellular response
humoral response
Antibodies travel through the body fluids to attack and destroy antigens
produce a clone of cells when it
encounters an antigen that matches its receptors,
cellular response
response
through cell-to-cell contact
activated T cells interact directly
with antigen-bearing cells
T cells secrete toxins, growth-inhibiting factors, or interferon
Antigens and antibodies
antigen
causes the body to make an immune response against that substance
toxins, chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or other substances that come from outside the body
including cancer cells, also have antigens on them that can cause an immune response
antibody
5 major types of antibodies
gG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD
Direct attack
make antigens more susceptible to
phagocytosis
Activation of complement
inflammation, agglutination, neutralization, alteration, or lysis
of antigens or antigen-bearing cells
Inflammation
helps prevent the spread of the pathogens
Artificial vs. Naturally acquired immunity
Artificially acquired active immunity
through the use of vaccines
accines contain
weakened or dead pathogens,
develops long-term immunity
Artificially acquired passive immunity
injection of gamma
globulins containing antibodies or antiserum
short-term
no immune response
and no memory B
cells produced
Naturally acquired passive immunity
occurs as antibodies are passed
from mother to fetus;
short-term immunity,
lack of an
immune response and lack of memory B cell formation
Naturally acquired active immunity
long-term resistance results
Passive vs. Active immunity
active
antigen exposure
antibodies and
memory B cells are produced
long-lasting immunity
passive
obtained by receiving antibodies
no antigen contact and no immune response occurs
no memory B cells are produced
this is short-term immunity
Cells involved in the immune system and their functions
monocytes/ macrophages
initiation and resolution of inflammation,
lymphocytes (T cells, B cells, and NK cells)
recognize foreign antigens specifically via b cell and t cell
neutrophils
boost the response of other immune cells.
Disorders associated with the Immune system
pollo
Pheumonia
Hemorrhagic fever
Scabies
mumps parotitis
Ebola
African sleeping sickness
chicken pox
tuberculosis
toxo plasmosis
tape worms
small pox variola virus
rabies
rabbi fever