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Movement Disorders - Coggle Diagram
Movement Disorders
Patterns
Chorea
Irregular unpredictable brief and jerky movememnnts continuous which move from one part of body to another
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Huntington's Disease
Will present with chorea and postural instability, and dementia around 40 years of age
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Ballism
Wide amplitude of flinging movements, usually proximal limbs and often one sided
Dystonia
Movement disorder characterised by intermitent muscle contractions causing abnormal, and repetitive movments
DYstonic movements are patterned, twisitng, and tremulous
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Tics
Typically abrupt, transient, sterotypic coordinated movements taht are irregular and have an inner urge.
Suppresibility
Tics, Chorea, Dystonia, Tremor
Myoclonus
Sudden, brief, shcok like movement that can be possitive or engative, or arrhythmic and irregular
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Basal Ganglia
Compoennts
Caudate + Putamen = Striatum,
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Parkinson's
Signs
Tremor (rest), Rigidity, Akinesia, Postural instability
Low voice, small handwriting, decreased facial expression, loss of smell, REM sleep disorder
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Treatment
Anticholinergics, amantadine, Selgiline, Rasagiline, Levodopa, Dopamine agonists
Levodop
Side Effects
Nausea, orthostatic hypotension, somnolence, hallucinations
Issues
Can lead to wearing off, dyskinesias, symptom resistance
Essential Tremor
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Clinical Presentation
Absent rigidity, gait disorder, bradykinesia, and postural instability
Red Flags
Unilateral Tremor, bradykinesia, rest tremor (Parkinson's)
Gait Disturbance (Parkinson's, Cerebellar Tremor)
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Wilson's Disease
Characteristics
Genetic disorder of copper metabolism, and copper deposition in the brain
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Diagnosis
Serum ceruloplasmin, urinary copper, hepatic copper levels
Tremors
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Types
Rest, postural, kinetic, intention