6a

Survival and response

Receptors

Plants and animals have to respond to stimulus

For plants , this is to maximise photosynthesis

Tropism

Gravitropism is when plants respond to gravity

Phototropism is when plants respond to light

A stimulus is needed to affect an effector to cause a response

In plants and animals , stimulus are needed to communicate to different parts.

Homoroal response

electrical response

Made from proteins and are short lasting

caused by the generation of action potentials

Nervous system

Peripheral nervous system

Automatic nervous system

Reflex arc

stimulus

Receptors

CNS

Effector

Response

A response to a directional stimulus

Shoots are positively phototropic towards the light and roots are negatively phototropic

Shoots are negatively gravitropic and shoots are positively gravitropic

Growth factors

Plants respond to directional stimulus by using specific growth factors

Produced in specific growing regeons

Auxins stimulate the growth of the shoots by cell elongation.

IAA concentrations at the shoots overview

IAA concentratoins increase on the shaded side

the cells elongate

The shoot bends towards the light

IAA concentrations at the roots overview

IAA concentrations increase on the shaded side

Growth is inhibited so the root bends away from the light

IAA concentrations decrease on the lower side Overview

The cell elongate sop that the shoot grows upwards

IAA Concentrations in the roots

IAA concentrations increase on the lower side

Growth is inhibited so that the root grows downwards

Somatic nervous system

Controls the conscious actives

Sympathetic nervous system

Gets the body ready for action

Parasynthetic nervous system

Calms down the body for rest and digestion

Where the body responds to a stimulus without making a conscientious effort.