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Regionalism and the EU - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Key treaties and agreements
        
        Rome Treaty (1957) - set up the EEC
        
        Single European Act (1986) - creation of the single market
        
        Maastricht Treaty (1992) - established the EU, included further integration and cooperation, gave greater powers to the European parliament
        
        European Constitution (2004) (withdrawn) - intended to replace all previous treaties into one document
        
        Lisbon Treaty (2007) - gave more powers to the Commission and parliament
  - - - Greece debt crisis
        
        For critics of the euro, the Greek debt crisis was brought on and exacerbated by the currency
        
        Some argue the deepening of the EU has been catastrophic for many Greek people - youth unemployment hit 60% during the crisis
        
        For critics, the euro was ill-conceived, it is not possible for one currency to work for nineteen countries which are all different - the euro is an integration too far
        
        However others have argued the Greece crisis was due to a lack of pooling fiscal policy and therefore not enough integration - EU leaders had created a monetary union with a shared currency but individual countries still controlled public spending and taxation
        
        Therefore some argue there should be a supranational or pooled approach to fiscal policy, to limit countries borrowing too much or hiding their debts as Greece did - however this would impact sovereignty and the democratic deficit
- - - - Criticisms of regional bodies
        
        It is argued that democracy is undermined by supranational or intergovernmental bodies that make binding decisions beyond the reach of the people, this undermines sovereignty and self-determination - the EU has been criticised for the freedom of movement it allows as EU citizens are free to live and work in other states, but the voting public has no ability to limit these numbers
        
        NAFTA has been criticised of leading to the outsourcing of jobs to Mexico, resulting in industry closures and job losses in the US
        
        Regional organisations and globalisation are seen to benefit TNCs which push out smaller companies as global trade increases - leading to cultural homogenisation