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Chapter 3 - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 3
Chapter 3.1
What is a tectonic disaster risk?
It refers to the potential damage to properties, injuries and loss of lives from a disaster in a given period of time
Determined as a product of the interaction between tectonic hazard, vulnerability and exposure to earthquakes and volcanic hazards
What is Disaster Risk Management
It refers to the plans and actions put in place to:
Prevent disaster risks before occurrences of tectonic hazards
Strategies include building hazard-resistant buildings so that structures can withstand hazards and not collapse easily, preventing disaster risks
Taipei 101, a skyscraper built in an earthquake-prone zone. It has a weighted damper near the top of the building, which balances out ground shaking from earthquakes
Reduce disaster risks as tectonic hazards occur
Tsunami and earthquake early monitoring systems, enabling timely evacuation, which reduces loss of lives
Manage disaster risks after the occurrences of tectonic hazards
Insurance coverage, which offers financial payouts to rebuild properties when they are damaged/destroyed
Brings about quicker recovery from the impacts of a tectonic hazard
Strengthens community resilience as it enables communities and countries to adapt, resist and recover from impacts of tectonic hazards in a timely and efficient manner
How do Disaster Risks Hinder Development?
Disaster risks can bring serious environmental consequences, affecting both individuals and countries
Environmental Consequences
Tectonic hazards like volcanic eruptions and landslides can bury huge areas of forests and wetland, destroying ecosystems, leading to biodiversity loss
The debris pollute rivers, killing aquatic life
The debris can block rivers, causing floods that can damage nearby ecosystems
Social Consequences
Tsunamis can result in injuries and loss of lives as people drown and get hit by fast-moving debris carried by the waves
People will get displaced from their homes as they got destroyed, leading to poor standard of living as the people are forced to live in temporary housing which lacks proper sanitation
Sea water brought inland by tsunamis can contaminate sources of drinking water, resulting in water pollution, resulting in outbreaks of diseases such as cholera
Individuals can duffer from psychological trauma from loss of their homes and loved ones. in addition, the constant threat of losing their lives and being physically harmed while living in these areas can affect their mental well-being
Economic Consequences
Tectonic hazards can cause the destruction of homes and properties
Individuals may suffer financially as it is costly to repair or rebuild their damaged homes
Business owners can lose income caused by damage to their properties
Governments have to spend money to repair and rebuild because of damage from tectonic hazards
Money is channeled to rebuilding from a tectonic hazard, development slows down; less money can be invested in other areas such as infrastructure and education
This is especially detrimental to developing countries where need for development is highest, and where funds may be lacking
Poverty reduction progress may be affected as people are displaced from their homes and their standards of living drop when they lose their source of income
Countries' economic growth may slow down, affecting development progress