Family
Extended Family (Bowen)
Structural Family (Minuchin)
Restructuring: Therapist helps redefine family roles and relationships to create healthier patterns.
Boundary Making: Emphasizes clear boundaries between family members to prevent enmeshment or disengagement.
Unbalancing: Therapist temporarily aligns with one family member to disrupt power imbalances.
Strategic Family (Haley)
Paradoxical Interventions: Suggesting or prescribing the problem behavior to provoke change.
Ordeals: Encouraging a difficult task to be accomplished before addressing the presenting issue.
Reframing: Changing the meaning of a behavior or symptom to create new perspectives.
Directives: Prescribing specific tasks for the family to complete outside of therapy.
Prescribing the Symptom: Encouraging the continuation of a problematic behavior to bring change.
Example
Structural family therapy is like looking at a family as a house. Imagine each family member as a part of that house - the walls, the roof, the windows, etc. This type of therapy focuses on how the different parts of the family fit together and how they affect each other.
Just like a house needs a strong foundation to stand, a family needs a strong structure to function well. Sometimes, problems in families happen because the structure isn't quite right. Maybe one part of the family is taking too much space, or another part is being ignored.
In therapy, the therapist helps the family identify these structural issues and works with them to rearrange things so that the family functions better. They might suggest changes in roles, boundaries, or communication patterns to make the family work more smoothly, just like fixing up a house to make it stronger and more comfortable to live in.
It is a type of counseling that focuses on helping families solve problems by changing their communication and behavior patterns. focuses on strategic interventions in the family system
The primary goal of therapy is to alter family interactions that are maintaining its symptoms. To achieve this goal, strategic family therapists assume an active role and use a variety of strategies that are aimed at changing behavior rather than instilling insight.
Milan Systemic Family therapy
It is based on the assumption that “the family as a whole protects itself from change through homeostatic rules and patterns of communication.
The primary goal of therapy is to alter the family rules and communication patterns that are maintaining problematic behavior. This involves providing the family with information that challenges family games and helps family members develop communication patterns that increase the family’s ability to adapt to change
Conjoint Family Therapy
It is based on the assumption that “the family as a whole protects itself from change through homeostatic rules and patterns of communication.
Narrative Family Therapy
Externalization: Separates the person from the problem to gain perspective.
Deconstruction: Challenges dominant narratives to reveal alternative interpretations.
Reauthoring: Collaboratively rewriting stories to empower individuals and families.
Unique Outcomes: Identifying exceptions to the problem to highlight strengths and solutions.
Listening for Change: Therapist listens for shifts in language and narratives that indicate change.
Subsystems: are responsible for carrying out specific tasks. For instance, the parental subsystem consists of family members who are responsible for caring for the children.
Stable Coalition: 1 Child, 1 parent against other parents. Unstable Coalition, Triangulation): Each parents demands the child side with him or her. Detouring - attack coalition: parents avoid the conflict by blaming child for their problem. Detouring-support coalition: Parents avoid their own conflict by overprotecting the child.
It is based on the assumption that a family member’s symptoms are related to problems in the family’s structure
5 session (Pre-session, Session, Intersession, Intervention, Post session)
The primary goal of conjoint family therapy is to enhance the growth potential of family members by increasing their self-esteem, strengthening their problem-solving skills, and helping them communicate congruently.
The primary goal of narrative family therapy is to replace problem-saturated stories with alternative stories that support more satisfying and preferred outcomes.
Bowen's theory focuses on the family as an emotional unit and considers the multigenerational transmission of patterns and behaviors. A revolves around individual experiences and self-worth. B focuses on strategic interventions in the family system, while D pertains to cognitive and behavioral patterns of individuals.
Client Centered therapy, revolves around individual experiences and self-worth
Bown's Term
Differentiation of Self: How much an individual can separate their thoughts and feelings. Higher differentiation means better emotional regulation and less fusion with others in the family.
Triangles: A concept where a two-person relationship, when stressed, involves a third person to reduce tension but potentially complicates dynamics further.
Family Projection Process: How parents transmit their emotional issues to their children, impacting their development and behaviors.
Multigenerational Transmission Process: How families pass on behaviors, problems, and emotional responses from one generation to the next.
Emotional Cutoff: The way people manage anxiety between generations, often by reducing or cutting off emotional contact with family.
Sibling Position: The impact of birth order on personality and behavior within the family.
Circler questions
methods for maintaining homeostasis