low waves that surge up the beach and "spill" with a powerful swash; carry and deposit large amounts of sand and pebbles and "construct" the beach making it more extensive; formed by storms often hundreds of kilometres away

formed by local storms close to the coast so "destroy" the beach; closely spaced & often interefere with each other producing a chaotic swirling mass of water; high and steep before plunging down onto the beach; powerful backwash explaining the removal of sand and pebbles and the gradual destruction of the beach

A joint/fault in resistant rock are vunerable to erosion --> the energy of the waves wears away the rock along a line of weakne

Waves cause most erosion at the foot of a cliff. This erosion forms a wave-cut notch which is enlarged as erosion continues. The rock above the notch becomes unstable and eventually collapses which is washed away and a new wave cut notch starts to form. This process is repeated resulting in the cliff retreating and a wave-cut platform is formed. The pebbles grind over the rocky platform through hydraulic action, abrasion (rocks being picked up and hurled by the sea at a cliff) and trapped air is forced into holes and cracks in the rock eventually causing the rock to break apart therefore causing it to become smooth.