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Immune System--- Josue Lopez P.2 - Coggle Diagram
Immune System--- Josue Lopez P.2
Major Functions of the Lymphatic & Immune Systems
Location of Lymphatic Organs & their Functions
Thymus
Location
: located on superior surface of the heart
Function
: Site of T Cell Maturation, plays key role in programming immune system to recognizing "self" & "non-self"
Tonsils
Location
: found in back of throat/pharnyx
Function
: help filter out germs that enter through your nose, prevents infection
Spleen
Location
: on left side of abdomen, between 9th-11th ribs
Function
: cleanses blood, removes aged/defective blood cells
-site for lymphocyte activation/proliferation
-stores platelets, iron, & monocytes
Peyer's Patches
Location
: found in the Ileum
Function
: prevents pathogens from penetrating mucous membranes, site for lymphocyte activation & proliferation
Lymph Node
Location:
found in major clusters: cervical nodes, axial nodes, & inguinal nodes
Function:
primary filter lymph, trapping foreign material such as bacterial & viral particles
Red Bone Marrow
Location
: mostly found in center of flat bones, also found in larger & longer bones
Function
: acts as major hematopoietic tissue, produces all formed elements in the blood
Purpose & Examples of First, Second, & Third lines of Defense
Innate Immune Defenses & Adaptive Immune Defenses
Humoral response & Cellular response
Antigens & Antibodies
Antigens
before birth, body makes an inventory of "self" antigens
immune responses directed against "non-self" molecules, which are usually large & complex foreign particles
can be any large molecules that can trigger an immune response ( ex: proteins, foods, chemicals, etc. )
Antibodies
5 Major Types: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, & IgD
3 methods by which antibodies react to antigens
Activation of Complement
: results in opsonization, chemotaxis, inflammation, agglutination, neutralization, alteration, or lysis of antigens/antigen-bearing cells
Inflammation
: stimulation of local inflammatory changes in the area, that helps prevent the spread of pathogens
Direct Attack
: by agglutination, precipitation, or neutralization of antigens; these methods makes antigens more susceptible to phagocytosis
Artificial vs. Naturally Acquired Immunity
Articial
Artificially Acquired Active Immunity
: occurs through use of vaccines, person does not become ill because of weakened/dead pathogens, long-term immunity, memory B cells produced
Artificially Acquired Passive Immunity
: involves injection of gamma globulins containing antibodies/antiserum, short-term immunity, no IR or memory B cells produced
Naturally
Naturally Acquired Active Immunity
: occurs after exposure w/ antigen, long-term resistance, memory B cells produced due to immune response occurring
Naturally Acquired Passive Immunity
: occurs as antibodies passed from mother to fetus, short-term immunity, lack of immune response and memory B cells
Passive vs. Active Immunity
Passive
:
-obtained through receiving antibodies -no antigen contact= no immune response - no memory B cells produced/ Short-term immunity
Active
: -obtained through antigen exposure, -immune response occurs in person -antibodies & memory B Cells produced/ Long-Lasting Immunity
Cells Involved in the Immune System & Their Functions
Disorders Associated W/ The Immune System