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Child Language - Coggle Diagram
Child Language
Skinner
Believed that children learn by imitation supported by positive/negative reinforcement.
CHALLENGE
Tested on rats and Pigeons
Outdated
Language learning result is the result of imitation, practice, feedback and habit formation.
Described this as operant conditioning
Jerome Bruner- Social Interaction
Scaffolding through CDS
Supports understanding, pragmatics/context/conversational rule (e.g. Grice's cooperative principle) and turn taking.
Importance of Interaction for learning language
CHALLENGE
Jim- Bard and Sachs- child of deaf parents. watching tv/listening to radio- not enough needed speech therapist. (interaction)
Genie- no interaction- not able to fully learn language
Not all languages have CDS e.g Papa New Guinea yet children still learn langugae at the same rate.
Noam Chomsky- Innatism (1965)
Inborn ability to extract the rules from the language they hear around them.
Built in LAD
Children having iniversal grammar.
CHALLENGE
Did adapt theory after Genie- said needed to have interaction by a critical age 12/13 (critical period)
Supported by all children in different languages learn at similar rate.
Piaget- Cognitivism (1977)
AT 18 months, children realise that things have object permanance and can exist without having to see it
The child then can mentally grasp the ideas of the past, present and future.
Children need to develop certain abilities before they can aquire particular aspects of language
CHALLENGE
still have advanced language skills
Doesn't explain how children with learning difficulties are still linguistically fluent