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Digestion 2 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Salivary amylase
        
        Starch----> Maltose
    - - proteases
        
        proteins__> amino acids
    - - Amylase
        
        Starch ------> Maltose
      - Lipase
        
        Fats ----> Glycerol + fatty acids
      - Maltase
        
        Maltose -----> Glucose
      - Carbohydrates
        
        Carbohydrates -----> Glucose
      - Proteases
        
        Proteins-----> Amino acids
- - - - Why is the necessary
        
        Large and complex food substances are unable to pass through the walls of the small intestine
        
        The large food substances have to be broken down into smaller and simpler substances
        
        This then allows the food substance to enter the bloodstream to get transported to other parts of the body
  - - - Digested into Glucose
    - - Digested into glycerol and fatty acids
    - - Digested into amino acids
  - - - It is a process whereby large and complex food substances
        
        Broken down into smaller and simpler substances.
    - - Small Intestine
      - Stomach
      - Mouth
- - - - Carbon
      - Hydrogen
      - Oxygen
    - - Starch in bread
      - Noodles
      - Potatoes
      - Different forms of sugar in fruits
  - - - Sulfur
      - Nitrogen
      - Oxygen
      - Hydrogen
      - Carbon
      - Phosphorus
    - - Fish
      - Milk
      - Egg
      - Nuts
      - Meat
    - - repair of damaged tissues
      - and is a source of energy when carbohydrates and fats are not available
      - They help the growth of new cells and tissues,
  - - - to insulate body from excessive heat loss.
    - - Carbon
      - Hydrogen
      - Oxygen
    - - Butter
      - Margarine
      - Cheese
- - - - It is the place where food is received into the body. The intake of food is called ingestion
        
        Two types of digestion take place
        
        Physical digestion
        
        Food is chewed with the help of teeth
        
        this increases the foods surface area that allows enzymes to digest faster
        
        Chemical digestion
        
        Starch is digested into maltose with the help of salivary amylase
    - - Its the muscular tube that moves food from the mouth to the stomach through alternate waves of relaxation and contraction of its muscular walls. This type of movement is call peristalsis
        
        The food present in the oesophagus is called bolus
    - - It has a J-shaped, sac-like muscular organ that lies in the upper part of the abdomen.
        
        Gastric juice contains water, hydrochloric acid and proteases.
        
        Hydrochloric acids has 2 important functions, killing bacteria in the food and providing acidic enviroment for proteases to work efficiently
        
        Food stays in the stomach for about 2 to 6 hours. The partly digested food is called chyme
      - Physical
        
        The churning action by the muscular wall of the stomach causes food to break up further into smaller pieces. It also helps food mix with gastric juices.
      - Chemical
        
        Proteins are digested into amino acids by proteases.
    - - The small intestine is a long muscular tube that has an average length of 6 meters
        
        The liver, the gall bladder and the pancreas are associated with the small intestine
        
        Physical digestion
        
        Physical digestion through emulsification
        
        Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder
        
        It is released into the small intestine when fats reach the region
        
        1 more item...
        
        Chemical digestion
        
        Chemical digestion by various enzymes
        
        Examples are amylase, maltase, carbohydrates, proteases and lipases
        
        Carbohydrates is digested by carbohydrses into glucose
        
        Proteins are digested by the proteases into amino acids
        
        Maltose is digested by maltase into glucose
        
        Fats are digested by lipase to fatty acids and glycerol
        
        Starch is digested by amylase into maltose
    - - It has a average length of about 1.5 metres.
      - In the colon of the large intestine, water and mineral salts are absorbed into the body
        
        Solid waste, called faeces, is stored in the rectum temporarily. It is then expelled through the anus by a process call egestion