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P3 - PARTICLE MODEL OF MATTER - Coggle Diagram
P3 - PARTICLE MODEL OF MATTER
states of matter
liquid
weaker forces of attraction
particles are close, but can move around
irregular arrangements
more energy than particles in a solid
gas
almost no forces of attraction
most energy
free to move in random directions
solid
fixed, regular arrangement of particles
particles don't have much energy, so can only vibrate
strong forces of attraction
pressure in gases
work done on a gas
causes a gain of internal energy = temp. increase
heating
more energy = more collisions = higher pressure
volume
larger volume = less collisions = pressure decrease
specific latent heat
specific latent heat of fusion
solid to liquid
different for different materials
specific latent heat of vaporisation
liquid to gas
amount of energy needed to change the state of 1kg of a substance without a temp. change
equations
density = mass / volume
energy = mass*specific latent heat
constant = PV
changing state
if a system gains more energy, it can lead to a temp. change or change in state
if the system is hot enough, there will be enough energy to break bonds
physical change
number of particles doesn't change
substance can change back to original form
no new substance formed
mass is conserved