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HUMANISM AND THE RENAISSANCE, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
HUMANISM AND THE RENAISSANCE
Humanism
General idea
Began in 14th century
Develop an anthropocentric world view
Humans and their intelligence became the main concerns of the humanists
A cultural movement
Anthropocentrism
Humans were the centre of historical events
Humanism was an individual movement
The revival of antiquity
Humanist scholars Petrarch and Giovanni Boccaccio
Revised classical thinking for making it compatible with Christian values.
The love of knowledge
Humanists believed that a person’s prestige not only depended on their wealth and power, but also on their education.
Leonardo da Vinci was a painter, but he also studied anatomy, botany and mechanics.
Humanism encouraged the use pf Greek and Latin
Patrons
Humanist artistst and thinkers were supported by them
Sponsored cultural and artistic activities thank to their power and helath
Governors and rich families
Courts in Naples, Rome and Florence were the epicentres of Humanism
Important humanists
Erasmus of Rotterdam
Sir Thomas More
Cardinal Cisneros
The Printing Press
1440: Johannes Gutenberg invented the movable-type printing press
Books could be produced more easily and ideas spread more quickly.
It improved literacy, and intellectual life was no longer restricted to monasteries and universities.
The Renaissance in Italy
Architecture
Building concept and design
Architects designed buildings which found harmony in shapes and proportion
The growth of civil architecture
Although churches continued to be built, civil buildings, such as hospitals and palaces, also gained importance.
A return to classical structural movements
Architects returned to the use of columns imitating Ancient Greek and Roman designs
Quatroccento
15th century
Create harmonious spaces based on mathematical and geometrical studies.
Important artists
Brunelleschi
The dome of Florence Cathedral and thee Basilica Di San Lorenzo
Alberti
Basilica Di Sant' Andrea and the Tempio Malatestiano
Cinquecento
Most important works in Rome (16th century)
Buildings became more monumental and began to scrupulously respect ancient architectural orders
Bramante
St Peter's Basilica in the Vatican
Renaissance Painting
New painting techniques
Proportion
Painters focused on faithful representation of the human figure.
Was considered the essence of beauty,
Balance
The position of the figures could not disrupt the harmonious balance of the painting.
The use of light
Light was used to depict areas of light and shadow, perfecting the illusion of depth.
The illusion of depth
Artists experimented with and developed the technique of perspective.
Wider variety of themes
Mithology
Allegory
History
Portraits
Quattrocento
15th century
Painters developed the techniques of depth and perspective.
Works
Masaccio, Piello della Francesa and the Birth of Venus (Mario Botticelli)
