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Cognitive Psychology - Models of Memory - Coggle Diagram
Cognitive Psychology - Models of Memory
Reconstructive Memory Model
Proposed by Bartlett
Schemas
Packages of stored information that help us make sense of the world - based on stereotypes and past experiences
Multi-store Model of Memory
Proposed by Atkinson & Shiffrin
Explanation of the transfer of STM into LTM
Explains memory as three separate stores
Sensory memory > Short-term memory > Long-term memory
How is memory transferred from SM to STM?
By paying attention to it
How is memory transferred from STM to LTM?
Through rehearsal
How is memory temporarily brought into the STM from the LTM?
Through retrieval
Working-Memory Model
Proposed by Baddeley & Hitch
Four components
Central Executive
Phonological Loop
Visuo-spatial Sketchpad
Episodic Buffer
Distributes information to the three slave systems
Explanation of STM
Contemporary study
Sebastian & Hernandez-Gil (2012)
Memory
Duration
How long memory can be stored
Capacity
The amount of memory which can be stored
Encoding
Memory stores
Long-term Memory
Encoding
Semantically
Capacity
Potentially unlimited
Duration
A few hours to up to a lifetime
Short-term Memory
Duration
18-30 seconds
Capacity
7 +/- 2 items (Miller)
Encoding
Acoustically
Sensory Memory
Duration
Capacity
Limited
Encoding
Visual & Haptic