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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS, pagsobrang taas- manic pagmababa-…

- - - - energy level and quality of life is affected
      - loss of pleasure
      - cannot focus. and fx
      - sad, empty, anxious an cranky
      - feel worthless or guilty
      - eating and sleep is affected
      - rasie thoughts about suicide
    - - major depression - at least 2 weeks longer than 4 hours seasonal affective disorder - with the change of season
        persistent depressive disorders - long term form disrupttive mood dysregulation - used for children and teenagers, frequent temper outburst
        premenstrual dysphoric disorders - 10 days before a menstrual period depression related substance or medicine - during or after street drugs
        *depression related to a medical condition -
  - - - Bipolar 1 disorders - manic episode, at least a week
        Bipolar 2 disorders - hypomania, 4 days to 1 week, masmababa ang risk, can still function well
        Cyclothymia - shifts sa emotions that affet ability fo fx.
        Bipolar related medical condition - e.g. cushing's disease, MS, stroke, Traumatic brain injury
        Bipolar related to substances - alcohol abuse
  - - - biologic
      - genetic- predisposed
      - hormonal
      - psychosocial- traumatic events, and abuse
      - neuroimmunologic factors - alterations sa nueroactive cytokins
    - - Monoamine hypothesis of mood
        
        brain amines NE and 5HT functions in the expression of mood
        -5HT is commonly associated with depression
        
        Dopamine too can increase mania, decrease in depression
      - Neurotrophic hypothesis in mood
        
        Brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) - regulations of neural plasticity
        
        if low BDNF - depression is imminent
        -Depression- loss of neurotrophic support