Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
AC 2.1 - Coggle Diagram
AC 2.1
Internal forms of social control
Religion
A major influence on how we behave as awe are guided by the moral codes it puts forward for us to follow
Conscience
Our moral compass or conscience tells us we shouldn't commit crime as it is wrong. It is also linked to religion, upbringing and traditions we are brought up with
Traditions
Linked to out upbringing, traditions condition us to know how to behave and not commit crimes
Rational ideology
People have an idea of what they think is right and wrong and this can cause them to abide by the law
Upbringing
Especially parental authority, has a major influence on why we abide by the law
Internalisation of social rules
External rules gradually become part of our way of thinking so we can work out for ourselves what us unacceptable and therefore avoid committing crime
Freud's theory
Freud suggests the mind consists of three different parts which help us make decisions: the id, superego and ego
External forms of social control
Agencies
Police
Judges/ magistrates
Prisons
Probation
Sanctions/ deterrents
Penalty notices, cautions, conditional cautions, arrests
Fines, custodial sentences, community sentences
Curfews, tagging
Solitary confinement, removal of privileges
Coercion
Use some kind of force to make someone conform, could be physical or psychological
E.g. in some countries physical restraints or punishments may be used to force compliance
In the UK, being detained or imprisoned are forms of coercion
Fear of punishment
This is often used as a means of coercion
Things will happen that are against your will as a consequence of committing an offence
E.g. arrest, trial, punishment
Some right realists argued that crime would be a lot worse without the fear of punishment
Acts as a deterrent
Deterrence
Individual
Person who has committed a crime is given a punishment like a suspended sentence or conditional discharge
Designed to deter them from offending again
If they do, they may face a more severe punishemtn
General
Others are deterred out of dear from committing similar offences by seeing individuals punished for their actions
Some policies promote general deterrence and are characterised by 'getting tough on crime' such as mandatory minimums
Control theory
What makes people conform and obey the law?
Hirschi's bonds of attachment (BACI)
Beliefs
A belief in society's values such as honesty is needed, and belief that committing crime is wrong
Attachment
T avoid crime, a person needs positive attachment to parents, school, peers etc. to promote a need for pro- social behaviour
Commitment
If a person has ambition to achieve positive future goals such as a good job, comfortable home etc. they are less likely to commit crime
Involvement
Those who are involved in social activities such as playing in a sports team or belonging to a community club or group are less prone to crime