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Palaeolithic Age - Coggle Diagram
Palaeolithic Age
Lower Paleolithic (2.5 million - 200,000 years ago):
Tools: Stone tools dominated this period. Acheulian tools, characterized by hand axes and cleavers, were prevalent.
Locations: Lower Paleolithic sites have been found in several regions of India, including the Soan Valley in present-day Pakistan, the Narmada Valley in central India, and regions of Tamil Nadu.
Lifestyle: The lifestyle of people during this period was primarily nomadic, relying on hunting and gathering for sustenance. They lived in small groups and often migrated following animal herds.
Agriculture: Agriculture had not yet developed during this period. Paleolithic people were dependent on wild plants and animals for food.
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Middle Paleolithic (200,000 - 30,000 years ago):
Tools: The Middle Paleolithic period is characterized by the emergence of more refined stone tools, such as blades and scrapers.
Locations: Middle Paleolithic sites are widespread across India, with notable examples found in the Bhimbetka rock shelters in Madhya Pradesh, Patne in Maharashtra, and Attirampakkam in Tamil Nadu.
Lifestyle: There is evidence of increased complexity in social organization during this period. Hunting and gathering remained the primary means of subsistence.
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Paintings: Some of the earliest known rock art in India, depicting animals, humans, and geometric designs, dates back to the Middle Paleolithic period. These paintings can be found in the Bhimbetka rock shelters and other sites.
Upper Paleolithic (30,000 - 10,000 years ago):
Tools: The Upper Paleolithic period witnessed significant advancements in tool technology, including the development of microliths (small stone tools) and specialized hunting equipment.
Locations: Upper Paleolithic sites are found throughout India, with notable concentrations in regions such as the Vindhyas, the Deccan Plateau, and the Himalayan foothills.
Lifestyle: There is evidence of increased cultural complexity during this period, including the development of ritualistic behavior and burial practices. Hunting and gathering remained important, but there is also evidence of increased exploitation of resources such as fish and shellfish.
Agriculture: Agriculture did not develop until the Neolithic period, which followed the Paleolithic.
Paintings: The Upper Paleolithic period is renowned for its cave paintings and rock art. Some of the most famous examples include those found in the Bhimbetka rock shelters, the Daraki-Chattan rock shelter in Madhya Pradesh, and the rock shelters of Kurnool district in Andhra Pradesh.
The Paleolithic Age in India, also known as the Stone Age, is divided into three major periods: the Lower Paleolithic, the Middle Paleolithic, and the Upper Paleolithic.