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Chapter 8: The Human Population - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 8: The Human Population
Humans and population ecology
demography: the field of collecting, compiling, and presenting information about human populations. Scientists that study this are called demographers; the carrying capacity of humans, demographers say, is about 7.6 billion people.
there have been many changes in the human population over time. this has led to five different revolutions.
Medical Revolution: abt 1870-1930. there were a lot of infectious diseases but no way to cure or prevent them. high reproduction rates but high mortality rates. in the end, vaccinations were created and help bring the population back.
Green revolution: abt 1940-1990. with World War 2 going on, many new chemicals have been invented against opposing sides. with this, providing food was one of the top priorities. so, pesticides and fertilizers were created to help keep up with demand and send food to the soildiers.
Industrial Revolution: abt 1760-1840. human pop increased and spread all over the planet. Technological marvels were energized by fossil fuels-first coal, then oil, and gas. This allowed people to produce more food and numerous other products
The New Revolution: abt 2000-current; also known as the environmental revolution. more-efficient technologies, better urban and regional planning, policy, and industrial changes, and the personal decisions of billions of people will be required to drive this revolution.
Neolithic Revolution: abt 12,000 yrs ago, began to develop animal husbandry and agriculture. the development of agriculture provided a more abundant and reliable food supply.
Populations and Consumptions: Different Worlds
middle-income, moderately developed countries: including Latin America, north and south Africa, China, Indonesia, and more.
have little more children, about 3 or 4 to help make money for the family.
low-income, developing nations: composed of eastern, western, and central Africa, some southern Asian countries, and some former Soviet Union nations.
have a lot of children, about 5-8 children to help make money for food for the whole family.
high-income, highly developed, industrialized countries: including the US, Canada, New Zealand, and western Europe.
have fewer children than lower-income countries. usually around 2 babies to replace parents.
Consequences of Population Growth and Affluence
with a rise in population through the different revolutions, the environment wasn't able to keep up nor some countries
a lot of slums in cities with terrible sanitation, food scarcity, not safe drinking water
Projecting Future Populations
keeping a constant birth rate will help lower the population and to keep the population constant