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People with specific needs - Coggle Diagram
People with specific needs
Specific age groups
Early years
EYFS (Early Year Foundation Stage)
Communication and Language
From a young age children's interactions form the foundations for language and cognitive development
Language-rich environment is crucial
Engaging children by reading to them provides them with extensive opportunities to use and embed new words
Through conversation, storytelling and role play children share ideas and become comfortable using a rich range of vocabulary and language structures
Personal, Social and Emotional Development (PSED)
Crucial for children to lead healthy and happy lives and fundamental to their cognitive development
Underpinning their personal development are the important attachments that shape their social world
Strong and supportive relationships with adults enable children to learn how to understand their own feeling and those of others
Should be supported to manage emotions, develop a positive sense of self, set themselves simple goals and have confidence in their own abilities
Through adult modelling and guidance they will learn to look after their bodies, including healthy easting and manage personal needs independently
Through supported interaction with other children, they learn how to make good friendships, co-operate and resolve conflicts peaceably
Physical Development
Vital in children's all-round development, enabling them to pursue happy, healthy and active lives
Gross and fine motor experiences develop incrementally throughout early childhood, starting with sensory explorations and the development of a child's strength and co-ordination as well as positional awareness through tummy time
Creating games and providing opportunities for play both indoor and outdoors, adults can support children to develop their core strength, stability, balance and co-ordination
Repeated and varied opportunities to explore and play with small world activities, puzzles, arts and crafts helping build control and confidence
Literacy
Crucial for children to devlop a life-long love of reading
Reading consists of two dimensions - language comprehension and word reading
Language comprehension (necessary for both reading and writing) starts from birth - only develops when adults talk with children about the world around them and books they rea with them
Skilled word reading, taught later, involves both the speedy working out of the pronunciation of unfamiliar printed words (decoding) and speedy recognition of familiar printed words - writing involves transcription (spelling + handwriting) and composition (articulating ideas + structuring them in speech, before writing)
Mathematics
Developing a strong grounding in number is essential so that all children develop the necessary building blocks to excel mathematically
Should be able to count confidently, develop a deep understanding of the numbers to 10, the relationships between them and the patterns within those numbers
Children will develop a secure base of knowledge and vocabulary from which mastery of mathematics is built
It's important that children develop positive attitudes and interests in mathematics, look for patterns and relationships, spot connection, talk and 'have a go' - not be afraid to make mistakes
Understanding the World
Involves guiding children to make sense of their physical world and their community
Frequency and range of children's personal experiences increases their knowledge and sense of the world around them e.g. visiting parks and meeting police officers
Listening to a broad selection of stories will foster their understanding of our culturally, socially, technologically and ecologically diverse world
Building important knowledge, this extends their familiarity with words that support understanding accross domains
Expressive Arts and Design
Development of children's artistic and cultural awareness supports their imagination and creativity
Important that children have regular opportunities to engage with the arts, enabling them to explore and play with a wide range of media and materials
Quality and variety of what children see, hear and participate in is crucial for developing their understanding, self-expression, vocabulary and ability to communicate through the arts
Frequency, repetition and depth of their experiences are fundamental to their progress in interpreting and appreciating what they hear, respond to and observe