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the working memory model - Coggle Diagram
the working memory model
Baddely and Hitch suggested rather than just storing information, working memory is an active processor that manipulates and analyses the information. They believe that short term memory is divided in to several different components each of which is qualitatively different especially in terms of its coding and capacity.
central executive
when we become experienced at doing something, the action becomes automated therefore it does not place additional demands on the central executive. this means that the central executive has free capacity to deal with other tasks
visuo-spatial sketchpad
used when you have to plan a spatial task. It involves holding visual and spatial information and can be thought of as the inner eye.
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has a limited capacity and limited duration as a temporary store. Information in the sketchpad is coded visually
phonological loop
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phonological store
holds the words you hear, like an inner ear
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episodic buffer
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temporary store for information integrating the visual, spatial and verbal information processed by other stores and maintaining a sense of time sequencing
can be seen as the storage component of the central executive and has a limited capacity of about 4 chunks
links working memory to LTM and wider cognitive processes such as perception and like the central executive is modality free.
evaluation
strength- wmm comes from dual task studies and found that when two tasks require the participants to use their phonological loop, their ability to perform the tasks is impaired.However, when one task requires the participant to simultaneously use their phonological loop (remembering a series of numbers) and the other requires their visuo‐spatial sketchpad (copying a drawing) then their performance is not impaired. provides strong support for the WMM and develops our understanding of STM further than the MSM does.
limitation-potential flaw with idea central executive is a single component as case study of EVR who had cerebral tumour removed performed well on tests requiring reasoning which suggested that his central executive was intact, but he had poor decision-making skills e.g. deciding where to eat. suggests that his central executive is not a unitary store which contradicts the initial model