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02 AUTHORITARIAN MONARCHIES AND SOCIETY, image, image, image, image, image…
02 AUTHORITARIAN MONARCHIES AND SOCIETY
THE TREASURY AND THE ARMY
Created permanent royal armies
Didn't have to depend on the nobility, church or cities
Resulted in fewer social conflicts and increased the stability of the kingdoms
Royal treasuries
Responsible for collecting money for
mantain administrative and military systems
Increased their financial resources
creating taxes
Asking for loans
To pay for the permanent royal armies
were powerful enough, the monarchs needed less money from the regional courts and parliaments.
Monarchs also began taking part in the process of appointing important Church figures, sometimes even undermining the pope’s authority.
Monarchs increased their control over the election of municipal governments by appointing the mayors and magistrates that they wanted.
THE ROYAL COURT AND THE ADMINISTRATION OF KINGDOMS
Administrative structure of kingdoms became more complex
More
Ambassadors
misisters
In the royal court
officials
Educated members of the middle class and the lower nobility also began to work for the monarchy
worked in royal councils and ministries, helping the monarchs rule their kingdoms
monarchs therefore needed more resources to finance these administrative bodies
This development is considered to be the origin of the modern state.
THE LIMITATIONS OF AUTHORITARIAN MONARCHIES
monarchs were unable to impose their will
This was more evident in composite monarchies
Monarchies
made up of several equal political units
continued to need
the nobility
to continue to obtain resources
the Church
the urban middle class
the regional courts
maintain their power and the stability of their kingdom
important to maintain their privileges and involve them in government work.
THE 15TH AND 16TH CENTURIES
ECONOMY
context of a growing population
affected rural life
haped a dynamic network of cities in Europe
craftwork and trade became more important
rural economy based on working the land
markets continued to grow
profit was the main objective
People could also get loans and look for employment
land and goods were bought and sold
these markets did not depend as much on supply and demand
MONOPOLIES AND PRIVILEGES
bans on certain economic activities
on cereal exports in agricultural areas where food was scarce
anti-usury laws prohibiting loans to people in debt.
Modern Age
important geographical discoveries led to new monopolie
East India Company
had a monopoly on trade between England and Asia
Artisans’ guilds were an example of privilege
had special rights over the production of crafts
Castilian livestock farmers were also privileged
had exclusive rights to certain pastures
SOCIETY
THE NOBILITY
were rich
as privilege and wealth usually went hand in hand
They lost the military power they had in the Middle Ages
oining the army and the royal court
THE CLERGY
different social levels in the clergy
from rich bishops to humble rural priests
sons of rich or noble families usually had higher positions in the Church
THE THIRD ESTATE
was the largest segment of society
one that changed the most because of the economic changes that occurred
reinforcing social differentiation according to wealth.
