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Pronunciation - Coggle Diagram
Pronunciation
Phonetics
The study of the smallest units of language.
Consonants
Produced with a constriction somewhere in the vocal tract that impedes the airflow.
voiced
voiceless
Vowels
Represent speech sounds where air leaves the mouth without any blockage by the tongue, lips, or throat.
monophthongs
diphthongs
International Phonetic Alphabet
Phonetic transcription system for writing down speech sounds
Suprasegmental features
Length
duration of a segment
Tone
the pitch at which the syllables in a word are pronounced
Intonation
The pattern of pitch movements across a stretch of speech
Stress
prominence in a syllable
Phonology
The study of how sounds are organized within a language and how they interact with each other
Allophones
different ways to pronounce a phoneme based on its environment in a word.
Phonemes
the smallest units of sound
Phonological Rules
rules and patterns controlling the arrangement, combination, and modification of phonemes in different linguistic contexts
Assimilation
a sound becoming more similar to a neighboring sound.
Dissimilation
sounds becoming less similar to each other
Epenthesis
the insertion of a sound, usually a vowel, within a word.
Deletion
the omission of sounds under certain phonological conditions.
Strengthening
sounds becoming stronger
Insertion
the addition of sounds in specific phonological contexts.
Weakening
sounds becoming weaker
Metathesis
the rearrangement of sounds in a word
Minimal Pairs
pairs of words that that differ in only one phoneme, showing how modifying that one sound can alter the word's meaning.