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Theme 2 Part B - Coggle Diagram
Theme 2 Part B
Filioque Controversy
The Nicene Creed of 325 A.D outlines the belief and nature of the Father and the Son in detail, but then concludes with the simple statement that Christians also believe ‘…in the Holy Spirit.’
56 years later (381) in Constantinople, The Council of Constantinople altered this passage to write ‘(we believe)…in The Holy Spirit, The Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father.’
In 589 CE, the Council of Toledo made another change the clause about the Holy Spirit now reads (we believe) ‘…in The Holy Spirit, the Lord, the Giver of Life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son.’
The reason for the inclusion of filioque seems to reflect the thinking of several influential theologians in the 4th and 5th centuries including Augustine, who all had certain ideas about the doctrine of the Trinity, particularly that the Holy Spirit proceeded from the Father and the Son.
the dispute lasted 6 centuries but didn't divide the Church until the Pope Leo III Mass of 1014CE. In Pope Leo III agreed to use the term ‘Filioque’ for the first time during a mass service in Rome. This is seen as the moment the West forced this theological idea into doctrine for good.
40 years later, in 1054, Rome accused the Eastern Churches of heresy for not accepting filioque. This played a major part in the Great Schism of 1054 (along with a clash of traditions between west and east and the east’s opposition to the Pope in general), and this divided the Eastern and Western church.
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