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Respiratory System - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory System
Upper respiratory structures and functions
Throat (Pharynx)
Larynx(The voice box)
Mouth
The respiratory system is lined with a mucous membrane that secretes mucus.
Nasal Cavity
The mucus traps smaller particles like pollen or smoke.
Nose
Internal vs. external respiration
Its where cells release carbon dioxide and take in oxygen from the blood.
External respiration occurs in the lungs or gills.
Internal respiration occurs in the body tissues.
It occurs when the body takes in oxygen from the atmosphere and releases carbon dioxide.
Lower respiratory structures and functions
The Alveoli
They pull in air from the upper respiratory system, absorb the oxygen, and release carbon dioxide in exchange.
The Bronchi
The Trachea.
Major functions of the respiratory system
Once in the lungs oxygen is moved into the bloodstream and carried through your body.
At each cell in your body, oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide.
move fresh air into your body while removing waste gases.
Layers of the pleurae
The outer layer is called the parietal pleura and attaches to the chest wall.
The inner layer is called the visceral pleura and covers the lungs, blood vessels, nerves, and bronchi.
A pleura is a serous membrane that folds back on itself to form a two-layered membranous pleural sac.
Disorders of the respiratory system
If left untreated, lung disease can produce
health complications
,
problematic symptoms
, and
life-threatening conditions
.
Respiratory disorders, or lung diseases, are disorders such as
asthma
,
cystic fibrosis
,
emphysema
,
lung cancer
,
mesothelioma
,
pulmonary hypertension
, and
tuberculosis
Respiratory volumes and capacities
Lung capacities are derived from a summation of different lung volumes.
The average total lung capacity of an adult human male is about 6 litres of air.
Volume and Pressure relationships in thoracic cavity
Increase in the volume of the thoracic cavity lowers pressure compared to the atmosphere, so air rushes into the lungs, and increases its volume.
Lung volume expands because the diaphragm contracts and the intercostals muscles contract, and expanding the thoracic cavity.
Compare and contrast the mechanism of inspiration and expiration