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Seed Dispersal - Coggle Diagram
Seed Dispersal
Types
Wind dispersal
These seeds are dispersed through the wind as they are extremely lightweight. They are adapted for this using structures like parachutes or wings which allow them to catch the wind and travel further
Animal dispersal
These seeds are dispersed through the feces of animals. Their seeds are present in fruits which encourage animals to eat them and then relocate it for germination as they excrete.
Water dispersal
These seeds are dispersed through water. These seeds are able to float and be carried by water currents, allowing them to be dispersed across the oceans to new land for germination
Explosive dispersal
These seeds are dispersed using explosive mechanisms. They are adapted for this through the trait of bursting the seed pods, launching the seeds away from the plant. It is triggered through touch when the conditions are favorable.
Adaptations
Morphological
These are changes to the physical structure of the seed to make the dispersal more effective. Some have hooks or hairs to attach to animals while other have streamline shapes for aid in wind and water dispersal.
Chemical
These are chemical changes that entice the helpers for dispersal. Some have enticing scents or flavors to attract animals to fruits, while some contain compounds to survive the digestive system of animals. Some also release volatile organic compounds to act as signals to attract specific pollinators.
Behavorial
These changes mimic the behaviors of animals to enhance seed dispersal. Some mimic the appearance of scent of insect prey or looks like them, incentivizing them to have a look and assist in seed dispersal
Relevance
Increases biodiversity as more plants are able to grow which further supports a wide array of organism that are dependent on them for food and shelter.
Restores ecosystems as seed dispersal initiates the recovery process through the help of plants that can recolonize the area and bring back the key ecological functions.
Increases genetic diversity and adaptation as plants are spread out over varying distances, adapting to change in their surroundings and ensuring the survival of the fittest.