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LEISHMANIASIS - Coggle Diagram
LEISHMANIASIS
Morphology
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Axoneme, arises from the blepheroplast and extends to the margin of the parasite.
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Life cycle
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The promastigotes penetrate the host macrophage and are converted to when it ingests blood. when it ingests blood.
Due to partial/complete blockage of mouth parts Parasites is lodged at site of bite when it ingests blood.
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After infected blood meal is taken by the vector sand fly Phlebotomus argentipes,
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Pathogenicity
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reticuloendothelial system like the bone marrow, liver and spleen.
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There is associated anaemia, cachexia, loss of weight. There is dry skin, brittle hair and
There may also be diarrhoea, dysentery. Oedema is seen due to hypoalbuminemia.
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Treatment
Mucocutaneous disease responds to a 20-day course of sodium antimony gluconate; amphotericin B may be used to treat advanced or resistant cases. Pentavalent antimony for a course of 4 weeks has also been recommended
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INTRODUCTION
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Geographic distribution-It is mainly seen in South and South –East Asia, China,
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– Bengal, Bihar, and Eastern Uttar Pradesh
Habitat
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Cells of reticuloendothelial system located in liver, spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood
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Lab diagnosis
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Parasite demonstration is done on the following specimen after staining the smears with Romanowsky stains.
like Giemsa, Lieshman stain.
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ELISA, CIEP, DOT ELISA based kits are available in immunocompromised individuals like HIV patients with AIDS the 40-60% cases may be seronegative
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The promastigote form of the parasite is seen on artificial culture media. The patient specimen can be cultured on the following media.
N N N media (Novy,MacNeal Nicolle)
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Detection of antigen: Antigen detection kits based on ELISA, IFA
are available and can be used for establishing the diagnosis
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relative lymphoctosis,monocytosis
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