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Respiratory System Anabel Ramirez P.5 - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory System Anabel Ramirez P.5
Major functions of the respiratory system
supply blood with oxygen or cellular respiration
Gas exchanges between blood and external environment
functions in olfaction and speech
Compare and contrast the mechanism of inspiration and expiration
Inspiration is when diaphram and external intercostal muscles contract
Volume and Pressure relationships in thoracic cavity
increase of volume = increase in pressure
lunvlume expands when the diaphragm contracts
Internal vs. external respiration
Internal -
External- involve both inhalation and exhalation
Disorders of the respiratory system
Tonsillitis
- infected/swollen tonsils that can block air passageway in nasopharynx, surgecal removal of tonsils = tonillectomy
Laryngitis
- inflammation of vocal folds interfering w/ vibration and causes hoarse tone
Smoking
- destroys cilia taking away mucus preventing causing u to cough up your mucus
Choking
- food is closing trachea blocking airway= not breathing
Pleuisy
- inflammation of pleurae causing stabbing pain in lung w/ each breath
Atelectasis
- lung collapse due to plugged bronchioles or air in pluerae cavity (pneumothorax)
Lower respiratory structures and functions
Bronchi & Branches
-
Lungs & Alveoli
-
Trachea
-
Diaphram
-
Larnyx
- provides airway, voice production
Respiratory volumes
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
- (irv) amount of air that can be inhaled forcibly beyond tidal volume
Expiratory Reserve Volume
- (erv) amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from ungs
Tidal Volume
- (tv) amount of air moved in and out of lung with each breath
Residual Volume
(rv)- amount of air that always remains in lungs
Layers of the pleurae
Visceral Pleura
- membrane on external long surface (fill cavity between pleurae)
Parital Pluerae
- membrane on thoracic wall superior to face of diaphram wall, around heart, and between lugs
Pleurae
- thin 2 layerd serosal membrane thoractice cavity into 2 plearal compartments and mediastinum
Upper respiratory structures and functions
Pharnyx
- connects nasal cavities and mouth to larnyx and esophagus
Oropharnyx
- passage for food and air
Laryngopharnyx
- passage for food and air
Nasopharnyx
- air passage posterior to nasal cavity
Paranasal Sinuses
- lighten skull,secrete mucus, warm and moisten air
Nose
- only external portion of respiratory system that provides an airway for respiration while moistening and warming the airway and houses the olfactory receptors
External Nose
- root (area between eyebrows), bridge, dorsum nasi, apex (tip of nose), and nostrils
Nasal Cavity
- (found within posterior and external nose) divided by midline and nasal septum
Respiratory Capacities
Inspiratory Capacity
(IC)- sum of TV+IRV
Functional Residual Capacity
(FRC)- sum of RV+ERV
Vital Capacity
(VC)- sum of TV+IRV+ERV
Total Lung Capacity
(TLC)- sum of all (TV+IRV+ERV+RV)