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Problem of evil - Coggle Diagram

- - - - In some distant forest, lightening strikes a dead tree, resulting in a forest fire
      - A fawn is trapped in the fire, burned and in agony
      - Lies there for a few days before eventually dying
- - - - 'The loss of good has received the name evil' - privatio boni
      - Light and good are positive things
      - The absence of these are darkness and evil
      - They only exist due to the lack of positive things
    - - Rowe's evidential problem
      - There exists instances of intense suffering which probably has no further purpose
      - An omnipotent, omnibenevolent God would prevent this purposeless suffering
      - For example, the case of Sue - 5 year old girl who was severely beaten, raped, and strangled to death by her mother's boyfriend - purposeless suffering
    - - Aesthetic theme
      - For something to be perfect, it needs to have imperfect parts
      - A perfect world has small perfections, evil, but humans are unable to see the entire picture of the world (due to epistemic distance)
      - For example, a painting is beautiful as a whole, but there are still small imperfections
  - - - Sin is 'seminally present in the loins of Adam'
      - Shows that original sin exists in all humans due to Adam's disobedience
    - - Schleiermacher argues that it is a logical contradiction for a perfect world to go wrong
      - Everything must have a sufficient reason
      - A good world is not a sufficient reason for sin to exist
      - So, if the world was created good, evil would not exist
    - - Principle of plenitude
      - The best type of world is one that contains every possible variety of creature
      - The best type of world is one that contains beings that are more and less likely to sin
      - So the best type of world would contain the likelihood for sin
      - If it did not, then it would be lacking something, which would make it imperfect, as a perfect world should not lack anything