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THE RESTORATION AND THE GRADUAL MODERNISATION OF SPAIN - Coggle Diagram
THE RESTORATION AND THE GRADUAL MODERNISATION OF SPAIN
THE REIGN OF ALFONSO XII
The Bourbon Restoration is the period that began when the Bourbon dynasty returned to the Spanish throne
Constitution of 1876 and turnismo made the regime stable
Constitution of 1876
Sovereignty
Parliament
Suffrage
Rights and freedoms
Religion
Turnismo
turnismo
First, the government or king decided whose turn it was to govern
conservative party
a group of moderate politicians
supported by the aristocracy, the wealthiest bourgeoisie and the traditional middle classes
founded by Cánovas del Castillo
liberal party
founded by Sagasta
Its supporters were members of the progressive and regionalist middle class
THE REGENCY OF MARÍA CRISTINA
The problem of popular representation
many citizens were not represented in Parliament
The regional problem
Catalan nationalism.
Basque nationalism
wanted Basque national sovereignty
The colonial problem
due to the Treaty of Paris , Spain ceded Cuba, the Philippines, Puerto Rico and Guam to the United States
GRADUAL ECONOMIC MODERNISATION IN SPAIN
DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES AND THEIR ECONOMIC REPERCUSSIONS
high death rates because of wars, famines and epidemics of diseases
about 65% was employed in the primary sector
Because of rural poverty many Spaniards emigrated to America
internal market was not strong
AGRICULTURAL CHANGES
inequality of land ownership
caciquismo
Caciques were large landowners
FINANCIAL CHANGES
In 1865, the Banco de España was founded
tax system was unfair, penalising poorer people
SOCIAL CHANGES
ruling high class
middle class
upper middle class
lower middle class
working class
urban working class
rural working class
THE LABOUR MOVEMENT
In 1873, the Spanish Regional Federation of the International Workingmen’s Association was created
