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cognitive approach to treating and explaining depression - Coggle Diagram
cognitive approach to treating and explaining depression
Depression is a category of mood disorders, to be given a diagnosis of depression, sufferers are required to display at least five symptoms, every day, for at least two weeks
explaining depression
becks negative triad
cognitive biases and negative self-schemas maintain the negative triad, a negative and irrational view of ourselves, our future and the world around us
these thoughts occur automatically and are symptomatic of depressed people
negative views about the world- the world is an unfair place
negative views about self- nobody loves me
negative views about future- I will always be a faliure
Ellis' ABC model
Ellis suggests good mental health is the result of rational thinking which allows people to be happy and pain-free whereas depression is the result of a rational thinking which prevents us from being happy and pain-free
activating event
see friend in corridor and say hello but they ignore you
beliefs
belief is the interpretation of the event, can either be irrational or rational
rational belief could be friend is stressed and simply didn't see/hear you
irrational belief could be friend dislikes you and never wants to talk to you again
consequences
rational beliefs lead to healthy emotional outcomes- I will talk to my friend later and see if they are okay
irrational beliefs lead to unhealthy emotional outcomes- I will ignore my friend and delete their number as they clearly don't want to talk to me
evaluation
limitation- does not explain origin of irrational thoughts and as most research is correlational hard to determine if negative irrational thoughts cause depression or if depression leads to negative irrational thoughts therefore cause or effect of depression cannot be established
strength- application to theory, has led to the development of effective treatments (CBT) (REBT) which adds practical value to the application
treating depression
Cognitive treatment for depression are based on the assumption that faulty thinking/thought processes make a person vulnerable to depression therefore, cognitive treatments aim to challenge, irrational thoughts, and replace them with more rational ones
beck
Patients are encouraged to test the reality of their irrational beliefs via homework, such as recording when they enjoyed an event or people are nice to them. This is referred to as the patient as scientist. in the future, the therapist can use this as evidence to prove that negative beliefs are incorrect, if the patient reverts to negative thinking
Believed that patient and therapist should work together to clarify the patient's problem and identify the negative thoughts that would benefit from the challenge. These thoughts must be challenged by the patient taking an active role in their treatment.
Ellis' ABCDEF model
uses rational emotive behavioural therapy (REBT) to treat depression
D
disputing the irrational thoughts and beliefs
E
effects of disputing the irrational thoughts leads to an effective attitude to life
F
new feelings and emotions produced which should be much more positive
empirical disputing= is there any evidence to support this belief ?
logical disputing= does thinking like this make sense ?
pragmatic disputing- is this belief helpful ?