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THE RESTORATION AND THE GRADUAL MODERNISATION OF SPAIN - Coggle Diagram
THE RESTORATION AND THE GRADUAL MODERNISATION OF SPAIN
THE REIGN OF ALFONSO XII: STABILITY OF THE REGIME
The Bourbon Restoration is the period that began when the Bourbon dynasty returned to the Spanish throne
Constitution of 1876
Suffrage
there was universal manhood suffrage.
Rights and freedoms
Many rights were declared
Parliament
It was formed by an elected Congress and Senate
Sovereignty
It was in the hands of the parliament and king.
Religion
Catholicism was the official religion
Turnismo
It was a system introduced
by Canovas del castillo
political parties were
conservative party
Canovas del castillo
liberal party
sagasta
GRADUAL ECONOMIC MODERNISATION IN SPAIN
high death rates
because of wars, famines and epidemics
AGRICULTURAL CHANGES
There was still inequality of land ownership
CACIQUISMO
developed in rural Spain in the 19th century
Caciques were large landowners
they had a large social influence because they controlled employment contracts and municipal jobs.
FINANCIAL CHANGES
In order for the economy to grow
Banco de España was founded
many credit associations were established
Spanish tax system was unfair penalising poorer people
THE LABOUR MOVEMENT
Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (PSOE)
a Marxist party, was founded in Madrid
in 1879
by the printer Pablo Iglesias
He also helped found the socialist General Union of Workers
(UGT) in 1888
were changes to employment legislation
THE REGENCY OF MARÍA CRISTINA: CRISIS OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM
The problem of popular representation
Although universal manhood suffrage was introduced
in 1890
The regional problem
In the 19th century
different political movements emerged
Catalan nationalism
the Regionalist League of Cataluña was founded
In 1901
Basque nacionalism
Sabino Arana founded the Basque Nationalist Party
In 1894
The colonial problem
Cuba made constant demands for greater political and commercial autonomy
The United States intervened in the conflict
Spain’s colonial losses were a major blow to Spanish morale