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Concept Map: 09 Respiratory System Samantha Chavez Per. 3 - Coggle Diagram
Concept Map: 09 Respiratory System Samantha Chavez
Per. 3
Major functions of the respiratory system
Main job is to move fresh air into your body while removing waste gases. Once in the lungs, oxygen is moved into the bloodstream and carried through your body. At each cell in your body, oxygen is exchanged for a waste gas called carbon dioxide
Upper respiratory structures and functions
The nose - nose gives you a sense of smell and helps shape your appearance
Nasal cavity - functions to humidify, warm, filter, and act as a conduit for inspired air, as well as protect the respiratory tract through the use of the mucociliary system
Mouth - eating and speaking
Throat (pharynx) - a passageway that extends from the base of the skull to the level of the sixth cervical vertebra
Voice box (larynx) - swallowing, breathing, and voice production
Lower respiratory structures and functions
The trachea - a long, U-shaped tube that connects your larynx (voice box) to your lungs
The bronchi - arge tubes that connect to your trachea (windpipe) and direct the air you breathe to your right and left lungs
bronchioles - A tiny branch of air tubes in the lungs
The alveoli - Tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles (tiny branches of air tubes in the lungs)
These structures pull in air from the upper respiratory system, absorb the oxygen, and release carbon dioxide in exchange.
Layers of the pleurae
A pleura is a serous membrane that folds back on itself to form a two-layered membranous pleural sac.
The outer layer is called the parietal pleura and attaches to the chest wall.
The inner layer is called the visceral pleura and covers the lungs, blood vessels, nerves, and bronchi
Compare and contrast the mechanism of inspiration and expiration
During inspiration, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract allowing air to enter the lungs. During expiration, the inspiration muscles relax forcing gases to flow out of the lungs
Volume and Pressure relationships in thoracic cavity
Lung volume expands because the diaphragm contracts and the intercostals muscles contract, thus expanding the thoracic cavity. This increase in the volume of the thoracic cavity lowers pressure compared to the atmosphere, so air rushes into the lungs, thus increasing its volume
Respiratory volumes and capacities
Lung capacities are derived from a summation of different lung volumes
Respiratory volumes - the volume of gas in the lungs at a given time during the respiratory cycle.
Internal vs. external respiration
Internal respiration occurs in the body tissues, where cells release carbon dioxide and take in oxygen from the blood
External respiration occurs in the lungs or gills and occurs when the body takes in oxygen from the atmosphere and releases carbon dioxide
Disorders of the respiratory system
COPD ( Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disorder ) - Chronic bronchitis emphysema and asthma
Tuberculosis - bacterial infection in the respiratory system caused by mycobacteria tuberculosis
Pneumonia - Bacterial or viral infection of the lungs
Lung Cancer - Uncontrolled cell growth & development of tumors in the lungs
Seasonal flu - A viral infection many variation of this virus and it changes rapidly year to year
