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Amount of Substance 1.2 - Coggle Diagram
Amount of Substance 1.2
Definitions
Relative atomic mass - Weighted average mass of all isotopes relative to 1/12th the mass of an atom of Carbon -12
Relative molecular mass - Mass of a molecule of compound relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon -12
Relative Formula mass - mass of one formula unit of an ionic compound relative to 1/12th mass of carbon -12
Mole - amount of substance that contains as many particles as there are in exactly 12g of Carbon -12
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Acid-Base titrations
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How to make a standard solution?
1.Record the mass of the solid by weighing by difference
2.Dissolve the solid in de-ionised water
- Using funnel transfer into volumetric flask and make up to the meniscus by gradually adding de-ionised water
- Stopper the flask and invert to mix the contents thoroughly
Find Concentration of a solution of base?
1.Fill a burette with standard solution of acid
- pipette known volume of base into conical flask
3.Add solution of acid from burette until indicator changes colour - known as end point
- Record volume of acid to nearest 0.05cm^3
Calculate mean titre from concordant titres
Percentage yield
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Reasons for low yield; incomplete reaction, other reactions may have occurred - reactants become lost
Atom Economy
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Addition reactions always have atom economy of 100% - Substitution and elimination have atom economies of less than 100%
Chemical Sustainability
- Reduce the use of hazardous chemicals,
- Reduce the amount of waste,
- Recycle the waste,
- Design for energy efficiency,
- Use fewer chemicals