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UNIT 7: Motivation, Emotion and Personality - Coggle Diagram
UNIT 7: Motivation, Emotion and Personality
instinct
homostasis
a balanced internal state
drive reduction theory
motivation that arises due to a psychological or physiological need
incentive theory
external stimuli or rewards that motivate behaviour
positive incentive
reward received from taking certain actions
negative incentive
punishment received from taking certain actions
arousal theory
people are highly motivated to maintain an optimal level of arousal
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
physiological needs
safety needs
belongingness & love needs
esteem needs
self-actualisation needs
hunger motivation
eating disorders
bulimia
anorexia
set-point theory
the endocrine system
leptin
ghrelin
glucose
achievement motivation
examines our desires to master complex tasks and knowledge and to reach personal goals.
extrinsic & intrinsic motivation
extrinsic motivation
a motivation that is driven by external rewards
intrinsic motivation
a motivation that rises from within
motivational conflict
approach-avoidance conflict
multiple approach-avoidance conflict
avoidance-avoidance conflict
approach-approach conflict
emotion
James-Lange theory
we feel emotion because of biological changes caused by stress
Cannon-Bard theory
physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously
Schachter's Two-Factor theory
emotion is due to two factors, physiological arousal and cognitive processes
Facial Feedback hypothesis
facial actions modulate subjective experiences of emotion
Lazarus's appraised theory
situations are not intrinsically good or bad
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
resistance
exhaustion
alarm reaction
personality
psychodynamic personality theories
superego
follows the moral (conscience) principle
ego
follows the reality principle
id
follows the pleasure principle
defence mechanisms
reaction formation
regression
projection
rationalisation
displacement
intellectualisation
denial
sublimation
repression
trait personality theories
Hans Eysenck
temperament theory
choleric
phlegmatic
melancholic
sanguine
Big Five personality traits
conscientiousness
openness to experience
agreeableness
emotional stability (or neuroticism)
extraversion
Gordon Allport
cardinal dispositions
central dispositions
secondary dispositions
Albert Bandura
reciprocal determinism
person
behaviour
environment
self-efficacy
a person’s belief in their ability to succeed in a particular situation
Julian Rotier
locus of control
an expectancy concerning the degree of personal control we have in our lives