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ORGANIZATIONAL THEORY (HATCH, 2018) - Coggle Diagram
ORGANIZATIONAL THEORY (HATCH, 2018)
CH 1. APPROACHING ORGANIZATION THEORY
What is theory?
concept
abstraction
heuristics
knowledge structure
phenomenon of interest
theorizing
different perspectives
modern
causal explanation (correlation?)
quatitative methods
symbolic
interpretations, understanding
qualitative methods
ethnography
risk: overgeneralization
postmodern
appreciation, intentions, motivations
criticism
relflexivity
linguistic turn (vanha kirja)
ontology and epistemology (kaikki tieto ylipäänsä & oikea tieto)
philosophical foundations of each perspective p.18
basic concepts
culture
social structure
physical structure
technology
CH 2: A BRIEF HISTORY OF ORGANIZATION THEORY
prehistory
Smith: division of labor, task differentiation, specialization, social structure
Marx: efficiency, power, social conflict, profitability, economic competition, commodification, exploitation, alienation
Durkheim: hiearachy, task interdependence, formal/informal organization, organizational structure
Weber: authority structure, traditional authority, charismatic authority, rational-legal authority, bureuacrecy, iron cage, formal and substantive rationality (eli mietitäänkö vaan sääntöjä vai myös lopputulosta
Taylor: motivation, scientific management, efficiency movement, Taylorism
Follet: workplace democracy and nonhierarchial structure, creative energy (versus domination), organizations ascommunities
Barnard: cooperation, communication of goals
ECONOMIC AND SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES THAT MODERNISM, SYMBOLISM AND POSTMODERNISM LATER BORROWED A LOT:
modern org. theory
general systems theory & hierarchy of systems
socio-technical systems theory
contingency theory
symbolic organization theories
social construction theory (externalization and intenalization, objectification and socialization)
enactment theory (reification, sensemaking, organizational cognition)
intitutionalization theory (social legitimacy, institutional myth)
culture (thick description -method), storytelling and narrative (situated perspective, different type of tales, etic- vs. emic -perspectives)
postmodern theories / influences
language and language games
truth claims, totalitarianism (hegemony, no acknowledging of diversity), giving voice to silence, pluralism
normativity, power/knowledge
discourse and discursive practices, delayering and decentering
deconstruction
simulacra and hyperrelatity, simulacrum (totally imagined reality)
course articles
greenwashing
transformative learning
tacit knowledge
short-termism
hegemonic masculinities
hyper-precarious lives
CH 3 ORGANIZATION-ENVIRONMENT RELATIONS
modern perspective
economic exchange model
stakeholder models (fiduciary responsibility, corporate ethics, corporate responsibility, CSR, shareholders = shareholders)
network models (inter-organizational network, network centrality, network density, structural holes)
sectors of the environment (cultural, legal, political, economic, technology, physical)
regionalization, internationalization and globalization
BASIC THEORIES:
ENVIRONMENT-ORGANIZATION RELATIONS:
organizational boundaries (setting by transactions costs, power and organizational identity)
structural contingency theory (mechanistic and organi forms, adaptation, differentiation, integration, uncertainty, complexity, rate of change)
information theory of uncertainty
resource dependence theory (power/dependence, vertical and horizontal integration)
population ecology (ecological niche, variation, selection, retention)
symbolic perspective
neo-institutional theory (social legitimacy, institutionalization, institutional pressures (coercive, normative, mimetic, intitutional myths)
the enacted environment (complexity, equivocality, ambiquity, unified diveristy,
postmodern perspective
three phases of industrialization
postindustrialization
the boundaryless organization
resisting hegemony
CH 5 ORGANIZATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
MODERN
service differs from manufacturing technologies
3 typologies
Woodward (technical complexity; unit and small patch tecnologies, large patch technologies and continuous processing technologies)
Thompson
transformation processes; long-linked, mediating, intensive; services included!!, norms of rationality
Perrow
task variability, task analyzability, routine technologies, craft technologies, engigeering technologies and nonroutine techonologies)
contributions to structural contingency theory
routineness of work
nonroutiness and organizational uncertainty
task interdependence and coornination mechanisms (pooled task interdependence ( <mediated technologies), sequential task interdependence (<long-linked techonologies), reciprocal task interdependence (<intensive technologies))
MODERN: new and emerging technologies
stochastic, continuos and abstact
technical complexity, tight coupling and normal accidents
information processing and new technologies
SYMBOLIC
social contruction theory (SCOT
actor-network theory (ANT) (semiotic-materiality, relationality, performativity
technology-in-use: applying stucturation theory to technology (adaptive structuration theory
POSTMODERNISM
technologies of control (illusions and addictions, postmodern condition, power)
technologies of representation
cyborgs and cyborganization
the global village
CH 4 ORGANIZATIONAL SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Weber's ideal bureuacracy (division of labor, hirarchy of authority, formal rules and procedures
key dimensions of organizational structures
cemtralization/decentralization
differentiation (horizontal & vetical) / integration
size
look for structural contingency theory
how machanistc and organic organizations differ structurally
types of organization and organizational design
simple structure
functional structure ( risk: functional silos)
multidivisional (M-form) structure
matrix structure
global matrix (multinational corporations, MNC:s)
new organizational forms
network organization
supply chains and value chains
crowdsourced organizations
theories of structural change
organizational lifecycle theory
structures as open systems
structuration theory (duality of structure and agency)
SYMBOLIC PERSPECTIVE
practice theory (field, capital, habitus)
routines as organizing practices
organizational improvisation
POSTMODERN DECONSTRUCTIONS OF STRUCTURE
de-differentiation
anti-administration theory
feminist burauacracy
hacktivism
CH 6 ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
definitions
cultural sharing
subculture
culture clash
MODERN
Hofstede: national culture influences to organizational culture (uncertainty avoidance, individualism, masculinity, long-term vs short-term orientations)
The organizational sulture inventory (OCI: constructive, passive-defensive ans aggressive-defensive cultures
changing culture
schein's organizational culture theory (basic assumptions, values and norms, artifacts)
Gaglieardi's fan model og organizational culture in elation to strategy (primary and secondary strategies ( instrumental and expressive strategies))
types of change: apparent, revolutionary, incremental
Hatch's theory of cultural dynamics(manifestation process, realization process, symbolzation -ii-, interpretation -ii-, vultural dynamcs)
SYMBOLIC
symbbols and symbolism
interpretive methods for studying culture (grounded theory, negotiated order, ethnomethodology (social accomplishment, contextualizing), thich description, institutional vs organizational culture (institutional logics and fiels
stories, storytelling and narrative in org culture; content analysis, storytelling organization, terse storytelling, narrative epistemology, reflexivity, rhetorical strategies, authenticity, plausibility, criticality
POSTMODERN
text, intertextuality and anternarrative theory
deconstructing organizational culture, deconstructive reading
authenticity and role of narrative in a post-truth world