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Feb. 7, 2024: Ch. 8 - memory - Coggle Diagram

- - - - phonological
        
        encoding based on sound
      - visual
        
        based on how the info looks (photographic info)
        
        also known as eidetic memory
      - sematic
        
        based on the meaning of the info
    - - understand the info; don't memorize
        
        elaborate on the big ideas you know; make the info personally relevant
      - use mnemonic devices
        
        technique to increase meaningfulness of info
      - chunking - grouping info together (categorizing so there is essentially less to remember)
      - PQRST method
        
        preview, question, read, self-recite, and test
        
        test: practice recalling info
      - use schemas
        
        integrate new info into old/previous experience
        
        organizing new info into categories you already formed, with previous knowledge
  - - - if it is found, it is brought back into working memory
- - - - from how your muscles move, your coordination, etc. - what you think about while you ride a bike
        
        making that shift in focus/accessing memory takes time, and switching to a whole new system is hard
- - - - ex. the brain is like a computer
      - first stage: exposure to stimulus
        
        brain retains sensory memory of it for less than a second
        
        what we see: iconic
        
        what we hear: echoic
      - if we pay attention, info enters working memory (short term)
        
        holds info for 30 ish seconds
        
        5-9 items
      - if we encode the info, enters long term memory
  - - - throughout neural networks
        
        network of associations
        
        similar to how if you learn something new, you can associate/connect it to an idea you already have
        
        the most practiced "path of memory/association" is often the most quickest and most likely you will go on
        
        which is why you do practice question, and practice recalling info
- - - - categorizing
    - - making assumptions
  - - - self-reference effect
      - we are particularly schematic for self-relevant info
      - tend to remember things that are already linked with our self-concept; in other words, we remember things better if it's linked to ourselves
        
        use this to study effectively
- - - - for example: amnesia
        
        retrograde amnesia: inability to retrieve memories for some specific period of time prior to that time at which the brain damage occurred
        
        "retro" "recall"
        
        unable to retrieve memories that happened before the brain damage
        
        anterograde amnesia: inability to form memories that happened after brain damage