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Informal growth of cities - Coggle Diagram
Informal growth of cities
Where is it usually located?
Mainly on the outsides of major cities, on land that is not theirs but it isn't wanted as it is prone to natural disasters - this makes it very dangerous.
Examples of informal settlements are: Makoko Lagos, Brazil's favelas
What are the issues with it?
There may be no access to clean water so citizens will get ill easily
Poor air quality because people cook with fires in the slums so the smoke creates poor air quality
There may not be access to sanitation and this will increase the spread of diseases in the area
People living in slums sometimes work illegally or enter crime because of the lack of employment or low income
Their homes are unstable and dangerous because they are built out of metal sheets/rubbish.
Most of the slums don't have energy so they improvise but this can be very dangerous and fires break out and spread easily.
Rubbish builds up over time and this increases rats which spread diseases.
What is the housing like?
Informal housing is built on land which doesn't belong to those who are building it. This is often land which may not be suitable for the purpose. These properties are sometimes affected by landslides and flooding.
They typically lack security and don't have ready or reliable access to civic amenities (potable water, electricity and gas supply, road creation and maintenance, emergency services, sanitation and waste collection)
Unable to access affordable housing, families have no alternative to living in substandard homes. Residents often lack security of tenure or land rights, living under the constant threat of eviction.
What problems are linked to these types of housing?
There could be poor health conditions
They are not safe
Dangerous
Fires spread very rapidly if they are any fires in a house
Diseases spread easily
What is life like for people who live in these kind of settlements?
Living in informal settlements leads to the exposure and vulnerability to environmental hazards to people and the land which they occupy. Informal settlements are characterized by a lack of basic services, pollution, overcrowding and poor waste management.
Residents often squat or rent informally.
As there are few official jobs available, people create their own employment: selling items; making and repairing things on a small scale; becoming couriers, cleaners, gardeners; taking in laundry.