Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Hardware and operating systems - Coggle Diagram
Hardware and operating systems
Computer language and function
Computers only use the numbers 0 and 1. This is know as the binary system.
The smallest unit of information that we can store on a computer is called a bit. Eight bits together form a byte.
Computer functions
We use the name harware for the physical components of the computer system that we use and those we can touch and move. Software or programs refer to the data and the instructions we use to manage that data.
Computers carry out four different functions
Output of data using peripheral devices.
Storing data in the storage devices.
Input of data using peripheral devices.
Processing data in the central processing unit, using the microprocessor and the memory.
Computer elements
Microprocessor
The microprocessor is an integrated circuit made up of millions of tiny transistors working together to process the instructions and data received from the memory.
Memory and units of storage
Cache memory
ROM BIOS
RAM
Storage devices
Motherboard and connecting devices
Inside the computer you'll find a large board, we call it the motherboard. All the other components of the computer are connected to it.
Connecting external devices
We can physically connect devices to the computer in different ways.
By special connectors on the motherboard, for such devices as the hard disk, DVD drives and so on.
Using the external ports on the side or back of the computer, for example, the USB port.
Using an expansion slot on the motherboard, to connect a sound card or a graphics card, for example.
Software and operating systems.
There are various types of software.
Applications.
Programming languages
Operating system.
The operating system.
The operating system is the first thing that appears when you turn on your computer and the last thing you see when you're turning it off. Different computers can have different types of software, but they all need and operating system.
Functions.
Manages the microprocessor
Manages the memory and storage systems.
Provides an interface or working environment for the user.
Allows communication between applications and peripheral devices.
Computer networks.
A computer network is a set of computers connected to each other so that they can share resources and exchange information.
Elements in a network.
All computer networks have a logical component, which is an operating system and applications that work on a network, and a physical component connecting the different computers to each other.