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Tudor Monarchs - Coggle Diagram
Tudor Monarchs
Henry VIII
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popular attitudes to him
by 1547 there was economic uncertainty because of debasement, inflation and a rising population, although no popular uprising against H VIII
' Henry succeeded In getting almost all the nation to accept that there were very huge advantages in accepting and supporting Tudor government' Ferriby, Anderson and Imperato (2017)
'popular attitudes were defined by a mixture of deference and fear, encouraged by treason laws and the threat of extreme judicial violence' Cooper
characteristics
also loved hinting, music, poetry, sport and court enetertainments
1521, pope gave him title 'Defender of the Faith' for his efforts
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was well educated and. very interested in theology. he defended the Roman Catholic Church against Protestant criticisms
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overview of reign
reformation impacted across England. it led to more bureaucratic govt to deal with its administration eg Court of Augumentations
treason laws became much harsher under H VIII. hundreds were executed and the state was much more 'visible' in the localities after the Reformation
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started his reign as much admired Renaissance Prince. he appeared the complete opposite of his father. by endow reign became bloated tyrant
Elizabeth I
popular attitudes
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she cultivated persona of the Vrigin Queen, married to her people
managed her public image carefully: from 1563 all portraits of her had to be authorised and follow a 'template'
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approach to govt
used the Royal Prerogative to prevent discussion of issues such as the succession, her marriage and any. Queen of Scots
Taunton in the 1630s ' she ruled much by faction and parties, which she herself both made, upheld and wdeakend, as her own great judgement advised'
relations with parliament could be stormy. she made it quite clear where there boundaries were ad that they should not overstep them
caution rule
MacCaffrey (1993): she ' had developed a strategy of caution, of immobility, of playing as few cards as possible, waiting ad hoping on events'
personality
received a thorough education. she particularly loved music and become a patron of musicians when Queen
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similar to father, had a short temper
styled herself as a Protestant Queen, married to her country. her motto 'temper eadem' (meaning 'alway the same') reflects her aim to make England stable
Edward VI
personality
he was cold towards others, suspicious and could be vindictive. he did have a close childhood friend, Barnaby Fitzpatrick (his whipping boy)
he was healthy until 1553, enjoying sport, hunting and horse riding
Edward was serious, studious (interested in political and military history) and a committed Protestant. he was self-disciplined in public and aware of his status
approach to govt
although he was young, some historians have argued that he began to have considered influence in the later years of his reign
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protectors
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Edward VI and Northumberland tried to alter the succession set out by H VIII. the 'Devise' is in Edward's hand
as a minor, his govt was run first by Lord Protector Somerset and then by Lord President of the Council of Northumberland
popular attitudes to Edward VI (Somerset, Northumberland)
Northumberland helped stabilise the English economy. his coup against Somerset and the Lady Jan Grey plot means historians have viewed him badly
Jordan (1968): people at the time spoke Somerset as the 'Good Dule'. this was due to his social policies
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ascended to the throne when he was nine years old. too young to rule so England was led by a Regency Council
Mary I
health
as the reign progressed she became very focussed on producing a Catholic heir, leading to phantom pregnancy and mental health problems
when she believed herself to be pregnant, she drew into confinement(as would be expected) but also suffered more bouta of depression and anxiety
by the time she became queen, she was not physically robust. she suffered with anxiety, bouts of insomnia and neuralgia
personality
was religious, courageous, sometimes emotional and could be passionate but was also prone to melancholy
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was well educated, serious and intelligent. she had survived many ups sand downs, including divorce of her parents and rejection by her father
approach to govt
Privy Chamber became less important under her, although male influence and interests could be channelled through their wives and lovers
she became queen on a wave of public approval.. but the reasons for this cannot be clear was it that the succession had passed to the next Tudor, the legal heir? or was it that people wanted Catholicism restored?
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Henry VII
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approach to govt
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involved himself in everything, even the details of day to day govt
overview of his reign
he greatly increased the importance e of the Privy CHamber3 and focused on Crown finances on the Chamber
he quelled the Yorkist threat and controlled the nobility - although his relations with the nobility were poor by 1509
he died solvent, giving H VII a strong foundation for his reign - BUT much money was raised by the Council learned using very questionable methods
character
Margaret Beaufort (his mother), Jasper Tudor, Ear of Oxford, John Morton and Richard Fox were his closest confidants
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Henry VII loved his wife, Elizabeth of York, but gave her no political influence
respected, efficient, intelligent and shrewd but not popular.. also developed a reputation for greed
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