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Cell - Coggle Diagram
Cell
Cellular Extensions
Cilia, Microvilli, Flagella
Cilia - extensions of the cell, on the outside
Flagella - propel an organism or cell, and longer than cilia
Microvilli - finger-like extensions of the plasma membrane, helps to increase surface area
Plasma Membrane
Lipid Bilayer
Phospholipids
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Creates the lipid bilayer, hydrophilic head includes phosphate groups and extra cellular fluids, hydrophobic non-polar tail groups face each other in the middle
Two Layers of lipid molecules, a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
Cholesterol
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20% of the plasma membrane - has the hydroxyl group, non-polar region, and fused ring system
Proteins
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Ribosomes help create, and responsible for most membrane functions
composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins, which makes up 50% of the membrane. active and passive transport happen here
Cytoplasm
Organelles
Cytoskeleton
Microtubes
tubes that determine the shape of cells, organelles can attach to them and move around the cell
Intermediate Filaments
large fibers, resist pulling forces on the cell
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holds the structure of the cell, gives its own shape
Nucleus
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Chromatin
30% DNA, 60% histone proteins, 10% RNA
Nuclear Pores
outside the nuclear envelope, allows transport of molecules
Nucleolus
DNA
Nucleotides
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phosphate, nitrogen base group, sugar,
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Adenine, Cytosine, Thymine, Guanine
composed of nucleotides - double stranded, 4 nitrogen bases
RNA
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Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil
single stranded, copy and replicate DNA
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control center, produces proteins, replicates cells
Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Rough ER
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ribosomes everywhere, synthesizes proteins to take them to the Golgi Apparatus
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Lysosomes
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contains digestive enzymes, multiple phagocytes, they can also digest biological molecules
Peroxisome
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membrane sacs with enzymes, important for detoxification
Cellular compartments with specialized purposes to maintain cellular homeostasis, some are membranous, some aren't
Mitochondria
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power house of the cell, generates ATP, contains own DNA, RNA, and ribosomes
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