Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Isaac Medina Per 2 Respiratory System - Coggle Diagram
Isaac Medina Per 2 Respiratory System
Major functions of the respiratory system
Gas Exchange- Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
Breathing- movement of air
Sound Production
Olfactory Assistance-Sense of Smell
Protection- From dust and microbes entering body through mucus production, cilia, and coughing
Removes waste gas
Upper Respiratory structures and functions
Nose
Allows air to enter your body, then filters debris and warms and moistens the air.
Nasal Cavity
Humidify, warm, filter, and moisten the incoming air. Collects air from nose and mouth and leads to the trachea, and food and liquid pass through it.
Pharynx
Throat used for receiving air from the nasal cavity and air, food, and water from the oral cavity.
Sinuses
Secret mucus to protect against infection and humidify the air you breathe before it reaches your lungs.
Layers of the pleurae
The outer layer is called the parietal pleura and attaches the chest wall.
The inner layer is called the Visceral Pleura and covers the lungs, blood vessels, nerves, and bronchi.
Lower Respiratory structures and functions
Trachea
Carry air in and out of your lungs.
Bronchi
Allows the passage of air through it.
Bronchioles
Delivers air to a diffuse network of around 300 million alveoli in the lungs.
Alveoli
Where the lungs and blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process if breathing in and breathing out.
Larynx
Protects airway during swallowing, controls air pressure and air flow, generates sounds and is important during breathing
Compare and Contrast the mechanism of inspiration and expiration.
Inspiration
The diaphragm and the external intercostal muscles contract.
Expiration
The inspiration muscles relax forcing gases to flow out of the lungs.
Both of them use the same pathways of air travel in the same direction and both end in the lungs.
Volumes and Pressure relationships in thoracic cavity
Lung volume expands because the diaphragm contracts and the intercostals muscles contract, thus expanding the thoracic cavity. This increase in the volume of the thoracic cavity lowers pressure compared to the atmosphere, so air rushes into the lungs, thus increasing the volume.
Internal vs. external respiration
Internal
The process by which the gas exchange between blood and the tissues.
External
A process of inhaling oxygen from the air into the lungs and expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs to the air.
Disorders of the respiratory system
COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder caused by tobacco smoke or age. Chronic cough or wheezing are symptoms and medications or antibiotics can help it.
Tuberculosis
Bacterial infection in the respiratory system caused by mycobacterium, contagious, or drug/alcohol abuse. Cough with thick mucus or fever are symptoms, and medication or surgery are treatment options.
Pneumonia
Bacterial or viral infection of the lungs caused by bacterial infection or viral infection. Fever, chills, or chest pain are symptoms and can be treated by antibiotics, oxygen therapy, or medication.
Lung Cancer
Uncontrolled cell growth and development of tumors in the lungs. Smoking causes it and you will fill chest pain or weight loss and radiation or chemotherapy can be treatment options.
Seasonal Flu
A viral infection caused by age. Causes dry cough or congestion and early vaccination or rest and hydration can be treatments.
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities
Total Lung Capacity-5,800ml -VC+RV
Functional Residual Capacity-2,400mL -ERV+RV
Vital Capacity-4,600mL -TV+IRV+ERV
Inspiratory Capacity-3,500mL -IRV+TV
Residual Volume(RV)-1,200mL
Expiratory Reserve Volume(ERV)-1,200mL
Inspiratory Reserve volume(IRV)-3,000mL
Tidal Volume(TV)-500mL