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CNS Tumors - Coggle Diagram
CNS Tumors
Etiology
IDH, ATRX, 1p/19q co-deletion in lower grade gliomas
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Clinical Manifestations
Variable in view of multiple possible sites, space-occupying lesion, edema also has a role
General Symtpoms
Intracranial Hypertension, Alterations of mental function
Focal Effects
Sizures, hemiparesis, ataxia, Hydrocephalus
Classifications
Adults
AStrocytoma
Grading
Consider: Nuclear Pleomorphism, Mitotic Figures, Microvascular proliferation, Necrosis
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Grade 4: Microvascular proliferation or necrosis, or CDKN2A Homozygous deletion
Diagnosis
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Molecular information
R132H IDH1 mutation, ATRX mutation, p53 mutations via immunohistochemistry
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Oligodendroglioma
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Diagnosis
Positive for R132H, 1p/19q, p53
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Treatment
Surgery, Temozolomide or PCV + radiation
Glioblastoma
Grading
Does not grow, is usually a Grade 4 tumor
Treatment
Surgery for debulking, Temozolomide, Radiation
Diagnosis
Molecular
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TERT promotor, EGFR amplification
Loss of Chromosome 10, gain of chormosomes 7
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Meningioma
Characteristicsi
Tumors of the arachnoid matter, indenting the underlying brain
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Treatmetn
Surgical ressection (Grade 1), and +/- radiation from grades 2 and 3
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Spread
Via CSF, systemic changes are rare
