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INVENTIONS AROUND THE WORLD - Coggle Diagram
INVENTIONS AROUND THE WORLD
Light Bulb
Electric current in a solid conductor is the mass movement of free electrons from a negatively charged area to a positively charged area. The electrons are constantly bumping into the atoms. The energy of each impact vibrates an atom -- in other words, the current heats the atoms up.
The wires and the filament are housed in a glass bulb, which is filled with an inert gas, such as argon. When the bulb is hooked up to a power supply, an electric current flows from one contact to the other, through the wires and the filament.
At the base, they have two metal contacts, which connect to the ends of an electrical circuit. The metal contacts are attached to two stiff wires, which are attached to a thin metal filament. The filament sits in the middle of the bulb, held up by a glass mount.
Steam engine
In a steam engine, hot steam, usually supplied by a boiler, expands under pressure, and part of the heat energy is converted into work.
In the double-acting engine, steam from the boiler is admitted alternately to each side of the piston.
The steam must fall through a wide temperature range. The most efficient performance is secured by using a low condenser temperature and a high boiler pressure. The steam may be further heated by passing it through a superheater on its way from the boiler to the engine.
In a piston and cylinder type of steam engine, steam under pressure is admitted into the cylinder by a valve. As the steam expands, it pushes the piston, which is connected to a crank on a flywheel to produce rotary motion.
Film camera
A plastic or metal case that is completely light-tight to protect the light-sensitive film.
An aperture, a small circular hole that lets light into the case for the short period when you want to take a photo.
A shutter mechanism: a spring-loaded door that opens for a precise amount of time before closing up again to let light through the aperture
Cassette tape
Audio Cassette tape is only 3.8 millimeters wide but can carry four to eight tracks. tapes used in home video recorders is 12.7 millimeters wide; the type employed by television measures 5 centimeters in width.
contain prerecorded materials, or blank tape for recording television programs and for producing home movies. A light proof magazine for photographic film or plates is also styled a cassette.
When bought new the magnetic particles on the tape are just randomized, but when recorded on to they become ordered based on the voltage levels of the signal that is recorded on to them.
Microwaves
A main component called a magnetron generates electromagnetic waves inside the microwave, these waves pulse back and forth through the microwave’s interior, the waves then bounce off the interior's metal walls to penetrate and heat food.
Microwaves cook by using electromagnetic waves, which are absorbed into the molecules of water, sugar and fat in food. This action causes them to vibrate, which creates heat to cook food fairly evenly, from the inside out.
The microwaves have a layer in the window that helps that the waves don’t exit the microwave
