Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Earthquake case studies (Y10) - Coggle Diagram
Earthquake case studies (Y10)
Haiti
EFFECTS
Primary
About 160,000 people were killed.
About 300,000 were injured.
90% of the city's buildings were destroyed, including the National Palace. Rubble was everywhere. Vital infrastructure was also damaged.
The main prison in Port-au-Prince was destroyed, allowing around 4,000 inmates to escape.
Secondary
Three years after the earthquake, 400,000 people were still living in refugee camps.
The quake caused the destruction of vital healthcare systems, such as water pipes, and a cholera outbreak led to the death of over 9,000 people.
Scarce resources and desperation led to increased violence and looting.
RESPONSES
Immediate
People from abroad (mainly UN) raised funds for emergency aid, as did Haitians from afar. The first country to send supplies and aid war the neighboring Dominican Republic.
Able-bodied survivors extracted the living and the dead from the rubble of collapsed buildings.
Long-term
Oxfam is still working with Haiti to create proper sanitation services and employment opportunities. The charity also assists small-scale farmers.
Other countries donated millions of dollars of recovery funds.
Charities such as Habitat for Humanity built homes for people displaced by the earthquake.
CAUSES
Haiti sits on the border between the North American and Caribbean plates, an conservative margin.
The earthquake occurred at a fault that runs through the south of Haiti, at a conservative margin.
KEY DETAILS
7.0 magnitude
Shallow focus (13km)
The earthquake occurred just before 5pm on January 12th, 2010, about 15km away from the capital, Port-au-Prince.
New Zealand
CAUSES
New Zealand sits on the 'Pacific Ring of Fire.'
New Zealand is located on the boundary between the Australian and Pacific plates. The earthquake occurred at a conservative margin.
EFFECTS
Primary
185 people were killed.
About 2,000 suffered major injuries.
Over 50% of the city's buildings were damaged, and Christchurch Cathedral's spire was destroyed.
Secondary
10,000 homes had to be demolished because they were unsafe.
Landslides occurred to the east of the city.
Christchurch was supposed to host five Rugby World Cup matches, but could not do so because of the destruction caused by the earthquake.
Liquefaction (when soil behaves like a liquid) left behind a muddy slush that absorbs cars like quicksand and took volunteers months to clean up.
KEY DETAILS
6.3 magnitude
Shallow focus (5km)
The earthquake occurred at 12:51pm on February 22nd, 2011, near Christchurch.
RESPONSES
Immeadiate
A full emergency response plan was in place within two hours of the earthquake happening.
Welfare centres were established throughout Christchurch by the Red Cross and Salvation Army.
The NZ fire service along with specialist teams from other countries coordinated rescue efforts.
Long-term
Water and sewage were restored to the city about six months after the earthquake.
The total cost of rebuilding was between 20 and 30 billion dollars, making the quake by far NZ's most expensive natural disaster in history.
Fundraising events were held throughout the year following the earthquake to help those affected. The cast of
The Hobbit
took part in a charity cricket match to raise money.