Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Janelle Cardens per. 5 Cardiovascular System - Coggle Diagram
Janelle Cardens per. 5 Cardiovascular System
anatomy of the cardiovascular system
VALVES
atrioventricular valves (AV)
biscupid/mitral
chordae tendinae
tricuspid valve
semilunar valves (SL)
pulmonary semilunar valves
aortic semilunar valves
brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, & left subclavian artery
CHAMBERS
right ventricle
left atrium
right atrium
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
left ventricle
pulmonary trunk, r&l pulmonary artery, r&l pulmonary veins, aorta,
r&l coronary arteries, anterior & great cardiac vein
functional differences between blood vessels
VEINS
: carry blood towards the heart
venules
: allow fluids & WBCs into tissue
ARTERIES
: carry blood away from the heart
arterioles
: control blood flow into capillary beds
CAPILLARIES
: exchange gases, nutrients, wastes, hormones etc between blood & interstitial fluid
BLOOD VESSELS
: delivery system of dynamic structures that begins & ends at heart
tunica media
: middle layer composed of smooth muscle & sheets of elastin (thin)
tunica externa
: outermost layer (thick)
tunica intima
: innermost layer of wall
major functions of the cardiovascular system
pulmonary circulation
allows oxygenation of blood
systemic circulation
allows blood for the rest of the body
provide circulation of blood throughout the body
major blood vessels
ARTERIES
thoracic aorta
abdominal aorta
axillary artery
common iliac artery
radial artery
femoral artery
ulnar artery
anterior tibial artery
brachial artery
fibulary artery
VEINS
external iliac vein
femoral vein
internal iliac vein
great saphenous vein
radial vein
common iliac vein
ulnar vein
basilic vein
brachial vein
cephalic vein
internal jugular vein
axillary vein
external jugular vein
major components & functions of blood
FUNCTIONS
REGULATE
maintains body temp, normal pH,& adequate fluid
PROTECTION
prevents blood loss
TRANSPORT
transports waste, nutrients, & oxygen & hormones
COMPOSITION
PLASMA
: make up about 45
LEUKOCYTES
WBCS
can travel through capillaries & move through tissue spaces
granulocytes
: visible cytoplasmic granules
neutrophils, eosinphils, & basophils
agranulocytes
: aren't visible
lymphocytes & monocytes
ERYTHROCYTES
RBCS
contribute to transporting 02 & filled with hemoglobin - hematocrit is the volume percentage
ABO & Rh blood types
cardiac cycle & EKG
SEQUENCE OF EXCITATION
ATRIOVENTRICULAR BUNDLE
: electrical connection between atria & ventricles
R&L BUNDLE BRANCHES
: branch out & carry impulses to apex
ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE
:
SUBENDOCARDIAL CONDUCTING NETWORK (PUNKINJE FIBERS)
: trigger papillary muscle & complete pathway
SINOATRIAL NODE
: sends go signal to atria & AV node
EKG
QRS COMPLEX
: ventricular depolarization & atrial repolarization
T WAVE
: ventricular repolarization (contraction of ventricles)
P WAVE
: depolarization of SA node (trigger atria to contract)
P-R INTERVAL
: beginning of atrial excitation
S-T SEGMENT
: entire ventricular myocardium depolarized
Q-T INTERVAL
: beginning of ventricular deploarization
cardiovascular disorders
endocarditis & myocarditis
: inflammation of the heart
causes
: virus, bacterial infection, allergic reaction, or recent surgery
congenital heart disease
: issue with heart structure & function present from birth
causes
: tricuspid atresia, aortic stenosis, or pulmonary stenosis
cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
: blood flow to a portion of the brain flow is interrupted
causes
: blood clot in artery, clogged arteries, or age/race
peripheral artery disease
: arteries narrow & reduce blood flow to extremities
causes
: blood vessel inflammation, limb trauma, or obesity
myocardial infarction (heart attack)
: blood flow to part of the heart is blocked
causes
: blood clot, high blood pressure, or obesity
leukopenia
: low WBC
sickle-cell anemia
: crescent shaped rbcs
anemia
: blood has low oxygen
vital signs
diastolic pressure
: bottom #, lowest level of aortic pressure, less than 80
vital signs
: pulse & BP & respiratory rate & body temp
systolic pressure
: top #, exerted from aorta, less than 120
layers of the heart
MYOCARDIUM
ENDOCARDIUM
EPICARDIUM
visceral layer
(outer)
PERICARDIUM
parietal layer
(inner layer)
blood flow
deoxygenated blood -> superior & inferior cava -> right atrium -> tricuspid valve -> right ventricle -> pulmonary semilunar valve -> pulmonary trunk -> right & left pulmonary artery -> blood is oxygenated in the lungs -> right & left pulmonary vein -> left atrium -> bicuspid/mitral valve -> left ventricle -> aortic semilunar valve -> aorta -> body
