Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Perennial grain, By : Félicia Crépeau, Amelie Lynn, Juliette Ségard, Kinoa…

- - - - Improved access to nutrients, lower need for synthetic fertilizer
      - Water conservation
    - - crops are adapted to the climate and local conditions
        
        We would benefit in Quebec from conducting more research on native perennials that can be cultivated.
        
        Some have significant (higher) nutritional value and could help us avoid importing food with similar nutritional qualities
        
        nettle
        
        perennail spinach
        
        perennial arugula
        
        rumex
        
        With climate change and milder winters, some annual plants may potentially become more resilient and, in some cases, self-seed more effectively in Quebec.
    - - forage
      - biomass for bioenergy (eg. biofuel)
      - Organic matter for soil and microorganisms
    - - reduced need of inputs
        
        replanting each year
        
        tillage
        
        increased reliance on fertilizers
        
        irrigation-drainage
      - erosion control
    - - stable habitat
      - promotes the conservation of local species and the preservation of indigenous biodiversity, as these perennials are often better adapted to local conditions
      - Some perennial plants, (such as grasses with rhizomes or stolons) continually produce new shoots and roots. As older shoots die off, they contribute organic matter to the soil.
      - Can provide continuous ground cover (even during dormant periods). The cover crop residues contribute to soil organic matter when incorporated or left on the soil surface.
    - - higher protein content
      - salt-stress tolerent
        
        good for saline or arid soils
        
        drought tolerance is also observed in perennial rice
        
        Prioritizing resistance to extreme weather conditions is advantageous in the context of climate change. This will provide our system with better adaptability, enhancing its capacity to cope with changing climatic conditions
  - - - The selection and development of perennial varieties may take longer compared to annual varieties
    - - Managing perennial crops can be more complex due to the extended growth (longer initial growth) period
    - - As the rotation cannot occur or the rotation cycle is longer, diseases and insects have a greater opportunity to establish themselves
  - - - wheat
      - rice
      - maize
      - potatoes
  - - - Rice is cultivated in flooded paddies where the absence of oxygen promotes methane production. Perennial rice varieties, which can be grown in more aerated conditions, have the potential to reduce methane emissions compared to annual varieties.
    - - This often occurs in variety selection, where characteristics related to sales (aesthetic), marketing, or transportation are frequently emphasized over those linked to nutritional benefits or soil health.
- - - - For example, companion planting with compatible perennials can enhance nutrient cycling and pest control