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Forces - Coggle Diagram
Forces
Effects of forces from nature
Tsunami
A series of powerful events involving water
Earthquake
Occurs because of the vibration from the tsunami
Volcanic activity
Occurs because of the vibration from the tsunami
Tropical cyclones
Intense storms that begins over warm oceans in tropical regions
Five effects of forces
Stop a moving object
Make a stationary object move
Change the speed of an object
Change the direction of a moving object
Change the shape or size of the object
A force applied on an object can cause a turning effect called the pivot
The turning effect can help us carry put an action with little force
Force further from pivot, larger turning effect.
Pressure
Pressure is an effect of force acting on an object.
As we move deeper underwater, we feel a higher pressure acting on our body.
Earth surface exerts a pressure of appoximately 100000 Pa at sea level
Pressure is defined as force per unit area.
Pressure = Force/Area
Pressure is measured in newton(N)
The area of cantact is measured in square metre
The unit of pressure is newton per square metre, also know as pascal (Pa)
There is transfer of energy due to the application of forces.
A force applied causes an object to move in the same direction as the force.
When energy is transferred, we say that work is done through the application of force
For work to be done, it must satisfy these requirements.
1) A force applied on an object
2) The object moves
3) the object moves in the same direction as the force applied on it.
The SI unit for energy is Joule(J)
Energy
Energy is not created or destroyed but transferred from one object to another.
Energy can be converted from one form to another.
Types of energy
Kinetic energy (KE)
Energy that an object has due to motion.
Gravitational potential energy (GPE)
Energy that an object has due to its position or height above ground.
It acts between 2 masses without direct in contact with each other
Chemical potential energy (CPE)
Energy found in food or chemical substaces.
Elastic potential energy (EPE)
Energy stored in a spring.
Types of energy sources
Solar energy
Hydroelectric energy
Wind energy
Geothermal energy
Biofuels
Nuclear energy
Thermal energy
Contact forces
A force that results when 2 interacting objects are indirect contact with each other.
Friction
Friction occurs when 2 objects are in physical contact with each other.
It is a force that acts in the opposite direction and opposes the motion of an object
Advantages of friction in our daily lives
Daily activities
Writing
Holding onto objects
Slowing down or stopping moving objects
Moving across rough surface
Disadvantages of friction in our daily lives
Wear and tear
Causes shoes, tires or other objects that are used for moving to become worn out
Wastage of energy
It produces heat which results in wastage of energy
More energy is also needed to move an object as friction opposes motion
Ways to overcome friction in our daily lives.
1) Using lubrication oil or grease
2) Using ball bearing, rollers or wheels
3) Using a cushion of air
Non contact force
A force applied to an object by another object that is not in direct contact with.
Magnetic force
Is a force of attraction between magnets