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A failing Pump, Congestive heart failure, Controlled by, Due to, detect,…

- - - - Evaluate pumping function of the heart
      - Assess sizes of chambers
      - Identify valve abnormalities
  - - - Enlarged heart
      - Pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs)
      - Pleural effusions (fluid around the lungs)
- - - - MOA
        
        Decrease circulating levels of angiotensin II
      - AE
        
        Renal insufficiency, hyperkalemia, dry cough, angioedema
    - - MOA
        
        Competitive antagonist to angiotensin II type 1 receptor
      - AE
        
        Similar to ACEI
    - - MOA
        
        Act as aldosterone antagonist at mineralocorticoid receptor
      - AE
        
        Gynecomastia, Dysmenorrhea, Hyperkalemia
    - - MOA
        
        Inhibits degradation of vasoactive peptides and block RAA activity
      - AE
        
        Similar to ACEI + hypotension
    - - MOA
        
        Decrease heart rate therefore decrease energy consumption
      - AE
        
        Decrease contractility, Bradycardia, Bronchoconstriction, Withdrawal
  - - - MOA
        
        Decrease plasma volume thus decrease venous return (preload)
  - - - MOA
        
        Dilate arteries and veins causing reduced preload and afterload
      - AE
        
        Tachycardia and Tachyplaxis
  - - - MOA
        
        Prevents action of Na+-Ca2+ antiporter therefore cause build up of Ca2+
      - AE
        
        Anorexia, Nausea, Arrhythmia
  - - - Inhibits SGLT2 promoting diuresis thus reduces preload, afterload, and blood pressure
- - - - Non-compliance
        
        Health Belief Model
- - - - persistent & long-term
    - - activity
    - - nighttime episodes
    - - difficulty breathing while lying down
    - - sudden onset
    - - in an upright position
- - - - diagnostic circle
        
        communication of diagnosis
        
        treatments
        
        outcomes