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Cardiovascular system Anabel Ramirez Per.5 - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular system Anabel Ramirez Per.5
Blood Types
A+
B-
A-
B+
O+
AB-
O-
AB+
Layers of heart
paricardium- surrounding the heart
endocardium- outer layer
Mayocardium- inner layer of heart
Heart chamber- deeper than Endo.
pericardial cavity
fibrous pericardium
Parietal layer of serious pericardium
Major Blood Vessels (veins and arteries)
Veins
TRUNK
internal iliac vein
common iliac vein
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
NECK
Inter jugular
braciocephalic vein
external jugular
subclavain vein
LEGS
Femoral vein
Great Saphenous Vein
ARM
ulnar vein
radial vein
Subdanm vein
biracial vein
basilica vein
brachial vein
Arteries
LEGS
Posterior Tibial
Femoral
Anterior Tibial
ARMS
Brachial Artery
ulnar artery
radial artery
axillary
NECK
Subclavican
common cartoid artery
vertebral artery
TRUNK
celiac trunk
gondal artery
Ascending aorta
external iliac
Vital Signs
BP and pulses
Systolic pressure
: pressure exerted in aorta during ventricular contraction (left ventricle pumps blood into aorta)
Diastolic Pressure
: lowest level of aortic pressure when heart is at rest
Vital Signs
: pulse and blood pressure along with respiratory rate and body temp
Pulse
: throbbing of arteries due to differences in pulse pressures
Disorders of Cardiovascular system
Anemia: abnormally low oxygen
chronic anemia- slow but persistent blood loss
sickle-cell anemia- mutated hemogoblin, o2 levels are low
Hemorrhage anemia- rapid blood loss
Anatomy of the heart
right ventricle
pulmonary semilunar valve
pulmonary trunk
Pulmonary veins
tricuspid valve
right atrium
Superior/inferior vena cave
left artium
Aorta
bicuspid/mitral valve
left ventricle
aortic semilunar valve
Cardiac cycle&ECG
Intrinsic Conduction System
Atrioventricular (AV) node
- in ineratrial septum
Atrioventricular (AV) bundle
- in superior ineratrial septum and only electrical connection between atria and ventricles
Sinoatrial (SA) mode
- peacemaker of heart in right atrial wall, spreads across atria and to AV node
Right and Left Bundle Branches
- 2 pathways in interventricular septum and carries impulses towards apex
Subendocardial conducing Network
- complete pathway thru interventricluar septum into apex and ventricular walls
Main Features
P Wave
- depolarization of SA node and atria
QRS Complex
- ventricular depolarization and atrial reploarization
Twave
- ventricular repolarization
P-R interval
- beginning of atrial excitation to beginning of ventricular excitation
S-T segment
- entire ventricular myocardium depolarized
Q-T interval
- beginning of ventricular depolarization thru ventricular depolarization
memorize
: Systole- period of heart contraction Diastole- period of heart relaxation
Differences between arteries and veins
Layers
Tunica Media
- composed of smooth layer of smooth muscles and sheets of elastin, maintains blood flow and pressure
Tunica Intima
- contact with blood, simple spuamous epithelium
Tunica Externa
- nerve fibers and lymphatic vessels and loose collagen fibers
Major functions of cardiovascular system
provide adequate circulation of blood through the body
Pulmonary Circulation
- created oxygenated blood
Systemic Circulation
- delivers oxygenated and nutrient rich blood
Major components and functions of blood
Regulation
- maintaining body temp.normal pH using buffers, adequate volume in circularity system
Protection
- preventing blood loss and infection
Transport
- deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body
Composition of Blood
- only fluid tissue in body
Matrix
- non-living called plasma
Cells
- living blood cells called formed elements
erythocytes- red blood cells (RBC)
leukocytes- white blood cells (WBC)
platelets
Blood flow thru heart and body
Deoxygenated blood - superior and inferior vena cava - right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - pulmonary trunk - left and right pulmonary valves - left and right lungs to oxygenate - pulmonary veins - left atrium - bicuspid/mitral valve - left ventricle through the aortic semilunar valve - aorta - body to deoxygenate - superior and inferior vena cava